There is not enough mass of the matter to account for the rate at which galaxies spin so physicists made up non-baryonic dark matter which was assumed to be anchored to matter. The missing mass has now been shown not to be anchored to the matter. This means galaxies move through the missing mass. This means the missing mass is the aether.
So, you didn't read any of the articles? The back reaction described in the first article is the pressure exerted by the displaced aether toward the matter. Other articles specifically refer to a gravitational aether where the pressure exerted by the aether toward the matter is gravity.
'An Extended Dynamical Equation of Motion, Phase Dependency and Inertial Backreaction'
http://arxiv.org/abs/1208.3458
"We hypothesize that space itself resists such surges according to a kind of induction law (related to inertia); additionally, we provide further evidence of the “fluidic” nature of space itself."
The aether is, or behaves similar to, a superfluid with properties of a solid, a supersolid, which is described in the article as the 'fluidic' nature of space itself. The 'back-reaction' described in the article is the displaced aether pushing back and exerting inward pressure toward the matter.
The following article describes the aether as an incompressible fluid resulting in what the article refers to as gravitational aether caused by pressure (or vorticity).
'Phenomenology of Gravitational Aether as a solution to the Old Cosmological Constant Problem'
http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3955
"One proposal to address this puzzle at the semi-classical level is to decouple quantum vacuum from space-time geometry via a modification of gravity that includes an incompressible fluid, known as Gravitational Aether. In this paper, we discuss classical predictions of this theory along with its compatibility with cosmological and experimental tests of gravity. We argue that deviations from General Relativity (GR) in this theory are sourced by pressure or vorticity."
The following article describes gravity as a pressure exerted by aether toward matter.
'The aether-modified gravity and the G ̈del metric'
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1109.5654v2
"As for the pressure, it is equal to p = 53−αg,6a2 so, it is positive if αg < 3 which is the weaker condition than the previous one. One notes that the results corresponding to the usual gravity are easily recovered. Also, it is easy to see that the interval αg < 15 corresponds to the usual matter."
The following article describes a gravitating vacuum where aether is the quantum vacuum of the 21-st century.
'From Analogue Models to Gravitating Vacuum'
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1111.1155
"The aether of the 21-st century is the quantum vacuum, which is a new form of matter. This is the real substance"
The following articles describe what is presently postulated as dark matter is aether.
'Quantum aether and an invariant Planck scale'
http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3753
"this version of aether may have some bearing on the abundance of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in our universe."
"mass of the aether"
'Scalars, Vectors and Tensors from Metric-Affine Gravity'
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1110.5168
"the model obtained here gets closer to the aether theory of , which is shown therein to be an alternative to the cold dark matter."
'Unified model for dark matter and quintessence'
http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0610135
"Superfluid dark matter is reminiscent of the aether and modeling the universe using superfluid aether is compatible."
'Vainshtein mechanism in Gauss-Bonnet gravity and Galileon aether'
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1107.1892
"the perturbations of the scalar field do not propagate in the Minkowski space-time but rather in some form of ”aether” because of the presence of the background field"
