"Reality television is a
genre of
television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows
celebrities may participate. It differs from
documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers. An early term for the format was
docu-soap.
[1] The genre has various standard tropes, including "confessionals" (also called
talking heads or
interview segments) used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration. In competition-based reality shows, a notable subset, there are other common elements, such as one participant being eliminated per episode, a panel of judges, and the concept of "immunity from elimination."
Reality television exploded as a phenomenon in the late 1990s and early 2000s with the global success of the series
Survivor,
Idols, and
Big Brother.
[2] These shows and a number of others (usually also competition-based) became global franchises, spawning local versions in dozens of countries. In the
United States, various channels have retooled themselves to focus on reality programs, most famously
MTV, which began in 1981 as a
music video pioneer, before switching to a nearly all-reality format in the early 2000s.
There are grey areas around what is classified as reality television.
Documentaries,
television news,
sports television,
talk shows, and traditional
game shows are not classified as reality television, even though they contain elements of the genre, such as unscripted situations and sometimes unknown participants. Other genres that predate the reality television boom have sometimes been retroactively grouped into reality TV, including
hidden camera shows such as
Candid Camera (1948), talent-search shows such as
The Original Amateur Hour (1948), documentary series about ordinary people such as the
Up Series (1964), high-concept game shows such as
The Dating Game (1965), home improvement shows such as
This Old House--- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_television