A simple punnett square will reveal the 1:2:1 ratio.
To understand this, you must first understand that in sexual reproduction(meiosis)[most animals, including humans], we have 2 alleles (possibilities) for every gene expressed [x-linked dismissed]. when these get crossed, the traits can be primarily dominant or recessive (others like co-dominance exist). Depending on the combination, the dominant will get expressed if available. If you are crossing 2 heterozygous individuals for a single gene, you will get the 1:2:1 ratio of genetic makeup. This is just probability because genes cross independently. This means that 1/4 offspring will be Dominant, Dominant, 2/4 will be dominant, recessive (expressing dominant), and the last 1/4 will be recessive, recessive.
the expression of heterozygous phenotypes in eyecolor, such as this case, would probobly be due to mutation.