So, Germany is expected to see a flood of up to 1.5 million refugee migrants this year. That's interesting to say the least - one could even suggest: Wow.
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Let's see how it works out. Maybe this is the end of Germany as a social welfare State
At the moment the problems are less economic ones. Germany is doing fine, compared to most other european countries. There are open jobs, unemployment rate is low, so well-educated and willing immigrants can find jobs. But there are problems, difficult problems:
Problem 1: German industry is high-tech, highly automated. There are no jobs for people without a good edcuation. This is already a problem for the less educated parts of german population and badly educated immigrants make the competition about the few available jobs in that sector even worse.
Problem 2: While Germany might have no real "leading" culture, influences from the "age of enlightement" and "humanism" are strong. Religion counts little, we even wonder about the USA, and how important it seems to be there, to be religious. This contrasts a lot with the immigrants style of life, where religion is the rule. And, it is a religion that contradicts some values which were held up here, like tolerance towards individual differences and equality of all people. (Both are not 100% intrinsic to society, but both are seen as very important things, still).
Problem 3: While many immigrants who enter the USA want to become americans, adopt the american way of life, many of the immigrants who come to Germany do not want to adopt the german way of life, much less become Germans. They want to keep their culture, their traditions.
This a dangerous mix of problem - too few jobs for the immigrants, cultures which are polar to each other in many aspects, and immigrants who do not want to give up their old culture in favor of the new one.
Social welfare is seen as a very important thing here. Government is expected to keep it going, even if it means to pay quite a lot of taxes for everyone. Germans have always been a fearful bunch, "German Angst", and thus welfare, even expensive one, is one of the pillars of society. If it fails, the country will likely see a big uproar, because then, many of the other problems which are tolerated now, will be seen as unbearabe. Unlike the USA, society here believs in a big and influences government, that the government is the institution to handle things like healthcare and education. This is _very_ different from the common ideas in the USA.
I must say, I see a lot of problems coming, but I expect the welfare state to be the last to fall. It came up when Germany was formed, education and health care the first two things which government pushed, and which were appreciated much. Germany didn't really exist till a bit more than 100 years ago. It was a territory of small and smallest states, which lead war against each other, had borders, tolls, different units of measurement ... and Germany is still very regional, the so called "Bundeslander" (federal states?) not reflecting the social groups very well. Sometimes there are several groups in one state, some groups spread among several states. There is little that keeps Germany together, but the brace of the government, and the welfare is one of the most welcome parts of this brace. Regions here are also much smaller than in the USA, if you drive a hundred miles, you likely are in another "territory", another historic tribe, or otherwise defined group of people. And most are well aware of their inheritance. Even if you are in Bavaria, one of the most well known parts of german, be careful to call the people there Bavarians. There are Suebes and Franconians as well, and they will let you immediately know, they are no Bavarians, even if they live inside the same borders and the state is labeled Bavaria for simplicity.
Funny - a first few of the immigrants already go back to their home countries. Germany isn't a paradise as they had to learn. Germany has a fierce competition of jobs, and a fierce competition of finding affordable places to live.
The rate of home owners is much lower in Germany than in other countries. This is something that puzzles many immigrants, who are used to having had a house of their own. In Germany most people live in rented flats.
Not funny - if it's better to go back to place like Iraq, Germany isn't a good place to stay ... well we tried to tell so, but no one believed it. Now they saw it on their own and some rather want to go back :/
Yeah, that's right, never mind the 42 years of religious and cultural indoctrination, tick these boxes in your Government Regulator approved online sex ed course. Complete with va-jay-jay pictures. 
