To sit there and to say something isn't science... thats silly EVERYTHING is science if it involves a quest for knowledge or search for answers.
That may be an acceptable definition of "science" in vernacular language, but this is a place of science and scholarship so we must use a more rigorous definition of the word. To qualify as science, an endeavor must follow the scientific method. Two of its most important components, from the standpoint of this discussion, are logical reasoning and peer review. Not every "quest for knowledge or search for answers" enforces these principles.
However you cannot call a speculation a hypothesis, that goes against the scientific method.
There's nothing wrong with calling a speculation a hypothesis, and indeed most hypotheses start out as speculations, mere hunches. But once a hypothesis has been stated and made public, the scientific method requires that it be tested. You can't just continue repeating it; you have to make progress.
There is no such thing as absolute certainty in science, we have to keep an open mind.
I have often stated that scientists seem to almost deliberately choose language that communicates poorly with laymen. A scientific
theory is a hypothesis that has been proven
true beyond a reasonable doubt. That's the farthest it can go, since we never know what kind of contrary evidence may be discovered in the future. Only mathematical theories can be proven true, since they operate only in the domain of abstractions. Still, this makes a scientific theory qualitatively different from the "theory" of a police detective, which is not much more than a hunch. We need better scientific language. Still "true beyond a reasonable doubt" means that it is
unreasonable to doubt it. Only a scientist is likely to find the one tiny bit of new evidence that will falsify an established theory, and this only happens on rare occasions, so the canon of science never collapses. A canonical scientific theory like relativity is not going to be overturned by a high school student with three semesters of physics.
I don't see how you can think speculation isn't a part of science, and belief is not.
We're getting back into the distinction between rational faith, based on evidence and the laws of probability, and irrational faith, based on wishes and hopes.
However a good scientist admits belief IS involved, as in if he makes a prediction using a theory there is always a random chance it may not happen.. however he still makes the prediction. Because he believes in the odds and the outcome. However everyone will realize almost anything that can happen can go wrong. Even empirically tested theories may not be the only correct or perfect correct answer.
Getting back to the definition of a scientific theory: A hypothesis that has been proven true beyond a reasonable doubt. Of the myriad scientific theories, one is overturned so rarely that it's front page news. Even then it's more likely to be revised than overturned, such as Einstein's elaboration of Newton's laws.
Ask yourself would a scientist making a prediction with 90% probability be using any more or less belief in his prediction than an average joe who predicts something based on logic alone?
10% probability of falsification may be good enough to get a grant to test out the hypothesis, but it's not good enough to promote it to a theory. For a canonical theory it's more like .0000001%, although I wonder if anyone has ever tried to calculate that figure, based on the number of theories that have in fact been falsified.
Your trying to tell me science is above belief.. it is not and any definition in any encyclopedia says so. And nobody knows what measure of belief any man has in his predictions, thats an unknown.
I'm not sure "belief" is a useful word in this discussion. There are many avenues to belief. Some beliefs are instinctive: we are born with them. These beliefs are the ones that
feel true more than any other, because we have had them since birth. A good example is the instinctive belief that an animal with both eyes in front of its face is a predator, so if it's larger than you you'd better run. Every animal has this instinct because without it that bloodline would die off very quickly. Watch a newborn giraffe frantically scamper away from a tame wolf, but graze placidly next to a bison.
But not every instinctive belief represents truth. Some are inherited from our ancestors who lived in a more primitive era when the risks were unimaginably different from those we face today. Others are just accidents of genetic drift and bottlenecks. Our pack-social instinct, for example, served us well in the Paleolithic Era when we lived in small extended-family groups and other clans were competitors for scarce resources. Today it's a handicap as we have expanded our "clan" to include anonymous strangers on the other side of the planet who are nothing more to us than abstractions, and we would be better served by the herd-social instinct of the zebra or wildebeest.
Other beliefs are acquired through reasoning and learning. Even though these beliefs are more likely to be truths than instinctive beliefs, instinctive belief is stronger. It is more likely to dominate a person's attitudes without considerable retraining.
I want to ask you if you really think you are a "peer" to Joseph? If you were a peer then your evidence would seriously shake that belief of 6,000 year old language.
Peer review is hierarchical. I have 50 years' experience and training as an amateur linguist, so I have not only encountered the Dene-Yeniseian hypothesis, but I can understand the reviews of it by professional linguists. The evidence is straightforward. The only reason it was not discovered earlier is that linguistics is not a discipline that is given high importance so not much of the world's economy is channeled into it. There aren't enough linguists to catalog and preserve the languages that are dying out within the current generation. Comparing Yeniseian to Navajo, Tlingit and the other Na-Dene languages was a project that simply had to wait its turn. Once it was completed, it was one of those forehead-slapping "aha!" revelations.
Joseph is no linguist at all; frankly he hardly even qualifies as a dilettante in the field. He approaches the discipline with an agenda to prove, and he dismisses any evidence that contradicts it.
And this is the way Joseph approaches all science. He's not looking for the truth; he just tracks down evidence that supports his own beliefs. That's not science; it's crackpottery.
I think if we tolerate all the Josephs out there and suffer through what we may see as just absolute rejection of any logic and realize that if he is reading this. It is having an effect, so long as we communicate and tolerate each other on some polite level we can in fact change the world to a better place.
That's a worthy goal, but we don't have the resources for it on SciForums. This isn't a university.
I do not think you should worry about incorrect notions infecting innocent people here so long as we answer each misunderstanding.
That's my point. We don't have the resources to do that. People who push their own insidious agenda become very good at it, and many of their assertions just pass under the radar of everyone who is qualified to challenge them.
We can only hope the moderators are reading this.
Not only reading but participating.
You think there was no language.. when?? forgive me I am not a hebrew I am guessing your saying 6,000 years ago. Well wasn't that about the time they were building Stonehenge?
No, but we have plenty of archeological evidence of other sophisticated constructions that go way back beyond 6,000 years. IIRC, the first house we've found is 11,000 years old. Still, that's not evidence for the existence of language. We have no idea what humans are capable of accomplishing without being able to talk to each other.
I am saying human speech endowed history is less than 6000 years old, not by belief, but all evidences we have.
Once again you ignore incontrovertible evidence to the contrary. We have incontrovertible evidence that the Paleoindians migrated from Siberia to North America around 15,000 years ago. We also have incontrovertible evidence that at least one of their languages groups is related to a language that is still spoken in Siberia. Your hypothesis has been falsified irrevocably, yet you continue to assert it
without even acknowledging and responding to my peer review.
This is an obvious case of intellectual dishonesty, and you are hereby banned for it. I can't make it permanent because the Moderators have not reached a consensus on that, but the members will be free of your preposterous notions for a nice long vacation.
My statements are the only ones here with evidence. We have no speech or names [the pivotal mark of speech] pre-6000, or better, exactly 5770 years. That is a weird stat, and cannot be disregarded.
We have languages in North America and Siberia that are obviously related and are obviouslly separated by more than double the timespan you have pulled out of mythology. You could find discussions of the Dene-Yeniseian family in fifteen seconds. You have never responded to this falsification of your assertion.