Science versus technology

danshawen said:
That's not "self-referential", that's INCONSISTENT, because if x is a number, then x/0 <> x.
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If you will notice the same answer is achieved. If 1 is divided by 0 it remains neither greater nor lesser than 1
IMO, if this function can be proven to be consistent, it confirms that to divide one by nothing, it remains whole.
 
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danshawen said:
One (or any number) divided by zero is infinity, which is NOT a number.
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Right, it's a false comparison. One yields a consistent function , the other a "what"? A timeless permittive condition?

This why an answer of infinity is a disqualifying property of an equation or function in theoretical science. It is mathematically not allowed to perform functions which are mathematically flawed, even as they may be influenced, as in *wave-interference, etc.

Infinity has no practical application. It is purely theoretical mathematics, also expressed in Pi (transcendental numbers)
 
Write4U said:
This why an answer of infinity is a disqualifying property of an equation or function in theoretical science. It is mathematically not allowed to perform functions which are mathematically flawed, even as they may be influenced, as in *wave-interference, etc.
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Correct. Proportional relationships (equations) speak only to whatever can be determined by proportional relationships, and this by a far shot is not anything like a comprehensive, complete or consistent view of anything.

A knowledge of the quantity of apples you have, its color, relative size, weight on Earth, etc. tells you exactly nothing about whether it is fresh or got worms in it, or how it will taste or how it compares to other kinds of fruit when you or a worm bite into it.
 
Write4U said:
But that's modern technology. But after the invention of the axled wheel, carts had heavy wooden wheels, held in place by wood pegs.
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Is that so? Do you have a reference for it?

While it seems not unreasonable, I see no mention of it in the Wiki article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel which instead claims the first wheel for which we have evidence was a potter's wheel (with a bearing), not a wheel used for transport.
 
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wheel_development_log_roller_to_wagon.jpg

http://www.speedace.info/wheels/wheel_images/wheel_development_log_roller_to_wagon.jpg.
The evolution of rolling transport vehicles.
Note that the last two *wheeled" carts used wooden pegs to keep the wheels aligned.

You are right that the wheel may have been used for other applications before it was used for transport. Of course this involved a vertical axle which had to be restrained from falling down.
Based on diagrams on ancient clay tablets, the earliest known use of this essential invention was a potter’s wheel that was used at Ur in Mesopotamia (part of modern day Iraq} as early as 3500 BC. The first use of the wheel for transportation was probably on Mesopotamian chariots in 3200 BC. It is interesting to note that wheels may have had industrial or manufacturing applications before they were used on vehicles.
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http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/wheel.htm

https://www.bing.com/images/search?...iest+potters+wheelsuse+of+the+wheel&FORM=IGRE


Note that the earliest potter wheel bearings were a stone with a dimple, into which the shaft was turned.
 
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exchemist said:
the first wheel for which we have evidence was a potter's wheel (with a bearing), not a wheel used for transport.
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Indeed. With the thousands of potter's wheels in existence in the Paleolithic Era (the early Stone Age: before agriculture), it's commonly assumed that every now and then one of them was accidentally dropped--or thrown in anger--and began rolling down an incline. The speed at which it could roll must surely have caused the more curious members of the tribe to wonder if the phenomenon couldn't somehow be put to work.

A roller is nothing more than an extremely thick wheel, which doesn't need balancing in order to continue turning. Of course, resting a load on top of a roller isn't especially useful, because the load will roll right off the top rather quickly. But there were surely Paleolithic craftsmen who imagined cutting a hole very carefully in the middle of the wheel, and putting an axle into it that would support a modest load. As soon as they realized that they could put an axle through two wheels, they could put a platform on the axle, and they had invented a primitive wheelbarrow.

The Neolithic Era was the dawn of agriculture, but who knows whether farming or animal husbandry was the first kind of agriculture--and for that matter, some tribes thought of one first, while others thought of the other. Once large animals were trained for riding (goats may have been the first), it was much easier for hitherto distant tribes to visit each other and swap ideas.

The Neolithic people were able to make much more precise tools than their Paleolithic ancestors. Instead of cutting wood with axes and knives, they could use saws, which could cut wood precisely enough to build a modern wheel with spokes and a rolling axle. At this point, there was a quantum increase in transportation technology, which, in turn, resulted in more trade between tribes, and the widespread sharing of ideas.
 
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