Privilege.
It's something that is close to the center of many of the discussions society has been having lately about race, and gender, and sexual orientation. And there is no topic that is so divisive - as John Scalzi notes, mention the word privilege and some people “react like vampires being fed a garlic knot at high noon.”
Often when you talk to people about privilege, their first response is defensive. They often try to redefine the word so as to not include themselves in what they consider to be an odious bracket. You hear things like "I'm not privileged! I worked for everything I got!"
But that's not what privilege is. It does not mean "you are successful only because of what people gave you." Privilege refers to the benefit you get by virtue of your race, or gender, or sexual orientation, or family/community connections, or nationality, or natural abilities. It sets the starting point, not the end, of anyone's progress through life. Scalzi uses a good analogy – it’s like playing an online game on the easiest setting, whereas other people have to play on a harder setting. It doesn’t mean they are poor players, and it doesn’t mean they are evil. It just means that the “game” starts out easier for them.
I understand the feeling of having to defend yourself, though, because I used to do the same thing. I had stories that showed just how un-privileged I was, because I wanted to make it clear that I was successful all on my own, that I could have succeeded no matter what my starting point was. One of my go-to stories was the story of how I made my last tuition payment with nickels and dimes. I was working three jobs by the end of my college career, trying to make that last payment in time to graduate; one of them was running the local laundromat. And since I couldn't wait three weeks for my last paycheck, they let me take it in change, because that would let me meet the deadline at the cashier's office. And so I showed up there with trays and trays of change, carrying just enough to pay my final bill and graduate with my class. That's not the story of someone privileged, right? Privileged people don't have to (literally) scrape nickels and dimes together just to graduate!
What that story misses, of course, is that I was doing that at the best engineering school in the country. And that I had made it into that school because of a whole host of factors, like my birthplace, who my parents were and what community I was raised in. Those connections had a lot to do with my earlier success in school, success that led me to MIT.
I had another story from my college days that I used to tell which demonstrates how unconscious that privilege was for me. During the setup for a dorm party one day, a friend and I heard someone screaming outside. We opened the door - and there, at the top of the stairs, was a couple being mugged. My friend and I took off after the thief. He threw the purse away within 100 yards, but we kept after him, because we didn't want a mugger roaming around our campus. We chased him into a copse of trees at the end of campus. He ran out the other side, with me to the side of him, still trying to pace him. That was a big mistake on his part, because the other side of the road was the jurisdiction of the Cambridge police, and they were ready for him with weapons out.
Another story of how I wasn't privileged - because privileged people don't have to chase muggers in their schools, right? They have people for that. But looking back, I thought nothing of running out of a clump of trees towards cops with their guns out. Because the mugger was black and I was white, and I knew they'd be able to tell who was the mugger. And that was a decision on a completely unconscious level, because I grew up in an environment where the police were on my side.
The desire to be seen as unprivileged is, I think, a somewhat recent development in historical terms. When we look back at the popular entertainment in the time of Shakespeare the heroes were all privileged members of society. Kings, princes, the children of powerful families, wealthy merchants. I think this is because back then, underprivileged people didn't just get low-paying, thankless jobs, or get hassled by the cops - they died of starvation, and often had to watch their families starve. No one wanted that, and no one wanted to be associated with that. And there was no way to leave that class; you could be born into money, or remain poor for life.
For the past few hundred years, though, society has reached the point where starvation has become less of an issue. And as that has happened, our heroes have gradually become the people who overcame great odds and succeeded anyway. Harry Potter, a penniless orphan who goes on to defeat the big evil. Luke Skywalker, who not only starts out as a poor orphan farmboy, but later discovers that he has a father who is literally the worst guy in the galaxy - and he still overcomes all that and wins the day.
And perhaps no hero story is as indicative of our current view of privilege than the story of Tony Stark, a rich military contractor, who cannot become the hero Iron Man until all that is taken away from him by terrorists who kidnap him and hold him prisoner in a cave. Only then, when he loses all that privilege, can we see his story as heroic.
It’s no wonder, then, that we want to see ourselves as without privilege. We want to be like the heroes our society (and our media) portray. And often that is completely unconscious; few people think “I want to be just like Iron Man” but we pick up the underlying message nonetheless.
This sense of “privilege as an insult” can lead to unintentional gaslighting of minorities, women, LGBT people and disabled people – because when a wealthy white man tells a minority woman “I don’t know what you’re talking about, I didn’t get any benefits that you didn’t” he’s telling her that she’s crazy and she doesn’t understand reality. And there’s really nowhere to go from there; any real discussion ends, because you can’t have a rational conversation with someone who thinks you are crazy.
I think it’s critical that we accept that some people in society have privileges over others. That doesn’t mean they are inherently lazy, or biased, or bigoted, and it doesn’t mean they didn’t work for what they got. But it’s simply a fact that some segments of society have privileges that others don’t. Some of that comes out of the structural racism/homophobia/bigotry in our society, which has developed over centuries for a host of historical reasons. Some of this is based in our own biology – homophily is something we evolved as a protective mechanism, and it makes us see someone familiar as someone of “our tribe” and inherently more trustworthy than someone with a different appearance, accent or presentation. But whatever the source, it’s real, and a great many people in the world have to live with it.
This can be very hard to see (as it was for me.) We all choose the company we keep, and it’s easy to join a community of like-minded people within which almost no one has a dramatically different amount of privilege than anyone else. And that can make it look like no one in that group has much privilege, because we tend to see differences, not commonalities. The things common to the group – race, socioeconomic status, citizenship - become the baseline “normal” rather than being seen as something that might confer an advantage.
So the next time you talk to someone about DEI issues, be cognizant that most people born in the US have privileges that most other people in the world don’t have - and that race and sexual orientation have a big impact as well. Accept that other people will see the privileges you have much more clearly than you do, and realize that the privileges other people have that you don’t have may not be clear to them. Do that and you can get past the initial discussion and start hearing about the real DEI issues that are important to people.
It's something that is close to the center of many of the discussions society has been having lately about race, and gender, and sexual orientation. And there is no topic that is so divisive - as John Scalzi notes, mention the word privilege and some people “react like vampires being fed a garlic knot at high noon.”
Often when you talk to people about privilege, their first response is defensive. They often try to redefine the word so as to not include themselves in what they consider to be an odious bracket. You hear things like "I'm not privileged! I worked for everything I got!"
But that's not what privilege is. It does not mean "you are successful only because of what people gave you." Privilege refers to the benefit you get by virtue of your race, or gender, or sexual orientation, or family/community connections, or nationality, or natural abilities. It sets the starting point, not the end, of anyone's progress through life. Scalzi uses a good analogy – it’s like playing an online game on the easiest setting, whereas other people have to play on a harder setting. It doesn’t mean they are poor players, and it doesn’t mean they are evil. It just means that the “game” starts out easier for them.
I understand the feeling of having to defend yourself, though, because I used to do the same thing. I had stories that showed just how un-privileged I was, because I wanted to make it clear that I was successful all on my own, that I could have succeeded no matter what my starting point was. One of my go-to stories was the story of how I made my last tuition payment with nickels and dimes. I was working three jobs by the end of my college career, trying to make that last payment in time to graduate; one of them was running the local laundromat. And since I couldn't wait three weeks for my last paycheck, they let me take it in change, because that would let me meet the deadline at the cashier's office. And so I showed up there with trays and trays of change, carrying just enough to pay my final bill and graduate with my class. That's not the story of someone privileged, right? Privileged people don't have to (literally) scrape nickels and dimes together just to graduate!
What that story misses, of course, is that I was doing that at the best engineering school in the country. And that I had made it into that school because of a whole host of factors, like my birthplace, who my parents were and what community I was raised in. Those connections had a lot to do with my earlier success in school, success that led me to MIT.
I had another story from my college days that I used to tell which demonstrates how unconscious that privilege was for me. During the setup for a dorm party one day, a friend and I heard someone screaming outside. We opened the door - and there, at the top of the stairs, was a couple being mugged. My friend and I took off after the thief. He threw the purse away within 100 yards, but we kept after him, because we didn't want a mugger roaming around our campus. We chased him into a copse of trees at the end of campus. He ran out the other side, with me to the side of him, still trying to pace him. That was a big mistake on his part, because the other side of the road was the jurisdiction of the Cambridge police, and they were ready for him with weapons out.
Another story of how I wasn't privileged - because privileged people don't have to chase muggers in their schools, right? They have people for that. But looking back, I thought nothing of running out of a clump of trees towards cops with their guns out. Because the mugger was black and I was white, and I knew they'd be able to tell who was the mugger. And that was a decision on a completely unconscious level, because I grew up in an environment where the police were on my side.
The desire to be seen as unprivileged is, I think, a somewhat recent development in historical terms. When we look back at the popular entertainment in the time of Shakespeare the heroes were all privileged members of society. Kings, princes, the children of powerful families, wealthy merchants. I think this is because back then, underprivileged people didn't just get low-paying, thankless jobs, or get hassled by the cops - they died of starvation, and often had to watch their families starve. No one wanted that, and no one wanted to be associated with that. And there was no way to leave that class; you could be born into money, or remain poor for life.
For the past few hundred years, though, society has reached the point where starvation has become less of an issue. And as that has happened, our heroes have gradually become the people who overcame great odds and succeeded anyway. Harry Potter, a penniless orphan who goes on to defeat the big evil. Luke Skywalker, who not only starts out as a poor orphan farmboy, but later discovers that he has a father who is literally the worst guy in the galaxy - and he still overcomes all that and wins the day.
And perhaps no hero story is as indicative of our current view of privilege than the story of Tony Stark, a rich military contractor, who cannot become the hero Iron Man until all that is taken away from him by terrorists who kidnap him and hold him prisoner in a cave. Only then, when he loses all that privilege, can we see his story as heroic.
It’s no wonder, then, that we want to see ourselves as without privilege. We want to be like the heroes our society (and our media) portray. And often that is completely unconscious; few people think “I want to be just like Iron Man” but we pick up the underlying message nonetheless.
This sense of “privilege as an insult” can lead to unintentional gaslighting of minorities, women, LGBT people and disabled people – because when a wealthy white man tells a minority woman “I don’t know what you’re talking about, I didn’t get any benefits that you didn’t” he’s telling her that she’s crazy and she doesn’t understand reality. And there’s really nowhere to go from there; any real discussion ends, because you can’t have a rational conversation with someone who thinks you are crazy.
I think it’s critical that we accept that some people in society have privileges over others. That doesn’t mean they are inherently lazy, or biased, or bigoted, and it doesn’t mean they didn’t work for what they got. But it’s simply a fact that some segments of society have privileges that others don’t. Some of that comes out of the structural racism/homophobia/bigotry in our society, which has developed over centuries for a host of historical reasons. Some of this is based in our own biology – homophily is something we evolved as a protective mechanism, and it makes us see someone familiar as someone of “our tribe” and inherently more trustworthy than someone with a different appearance, accent or presentation. But whatever the source, it’s real, and a great many people in the world have to live with it.
This can be very hard to see (as it was for me.) We all choose the company we keep, and it’s easy to join a community of like-minded people within which almost no one has a dramatically different amount of privilege than anyone else. And that can make it look like no one in that group has much privilege, because we tend to see differences, not commonalities. The things common to the group – race, socioeconomic status, citizenship - become the baseline “normal” rather than being seen as something that might confer an advantage.
So the next time you talk to someone about DEI issues, be cognizant that most people born in the US have privileges that most other people in the world don’t have - and that race and sexual orientation have a big impact as well. Accept that other people will see the privileges you have much more clearly than you do, and realize that the privileges other people have that you don’t have may not be clear to them. Do that and you can get past the initial discussion and start hearing about the real DEI issues that are important to people.