The challenge facing the "mystical atheist" is clear enough and simply stated: Show the reality of these "mystical" aspects.
We all seem to agree that
logic exists and that it's definitive of 'reason'. But what is logic, really? What kind of existence does it have? How do human beings like ourselves even know anything about it? Why does reality seemingly conform to it?
There are all kinds of similar questions regarding the 'laws of physics', mathematics and so on. What are they? How do humans learn about them? Why do real-life events seem to conform to them?
We all use language and speak about things. So, how exactly do words connect to whatever the words
refer to? What connects 'table' to the table? Philosophers have produced many theories of reference, but the fact is that at present, nobody really knows.
There's time. What's the
present exactly? It seems to be moving in a past --> future direction, how is that possible? (What kind of velocity does that movement have, hours per... what?) What's the ontological status of the future and the past? How does
possibility factor in to all this?
What's up with
causality? How does one event connect to another and even seem to necessitate it?
The truth (what's
truth?) is that just about any aspect of human life experience kind of comes apart into a whole collection mysteries as soon as we start asking 'why' a few times. Everywhere that we look around us, we find ourselves at the frontiers of human knowledge in just a matter of moments.
So, what justification might there be for using the word 'mystical' to refer to this omnipresent mystery?
One possible definition of the word 'mystical' might be along the lines of (1) a direct, unmediated experience of (2) a reality or dimension of reality not ordinarily perceived, and (3) a cognitive awareness by the experiencer of the profundity of this experience. (Paraphrased from the
Perennial Dictionary of World Religions p. 508).
I'll finish by reposting the quote of Einstein's that MR posted earlier in the thread:
"The finest emotion of which we are capable is the mystic emotion. Herein lies the germ of all art and all true science. Anyone to whom this feeling is alien, who is no longer capable of wonderment and lives in a state of fear is a dead man. To know that what is impenetrable for us really exists and manifests itself as the highest wisdom and the most radiant beauty, whose gross forms alone are intelligible to our poor faculties — this knowledge, this feeling ... that is the core of the true religious sentiment. In this sense, and in this sense alone, I rank myself among profoundly religious men."-- Albert Einstein