As DaveC426913 pointed out, that is not what anyone who actually grasps what black holes are says will happen.
The gravitational pull of a black hole is no greater than whatever formed it would be at the same distance. If the Sun, for instance, were to become a black hole, the Earth would just continue to orbit it just like it does now.
According to the "rules" of the theory itself, there are requirements for a star to become a black hole, and I guess the sun may be disqualified because it is De Vito, and an Arnold (a big twin brother) is required. Of course there is the assumption of dwarf stars, but loony Hawk...excuse me, but Stephen Hawking said "it won't be so black".(A Breif Story of Time)
Black holes form because gravity gets stronger as you move closer to the center of the source and the greater the mass of the source.
With normal stars, planets etc, you can only get so close to its center before you bump into it surface. ( And if you dig down below the surface, it is only that mass of the body closer to the center than you are that contributes to the gravity you feel. Since this decreases much faster than the distance to the center does, the gravity you feel decreases the deeper you go.)
Please, lets take aside the "imagination" part of your statements. Like to admit that you can't even get close to a star before melting, or a body (like an asteroid or planet) reaching close to its surface without suffering consequences. If you are to explain your point, please do it the most you can based on reality.
It won't get bored, I promise you.
But if you were to compress the star so that it surface got closer and closer to it center, while keeping all its mass still within it then gravity at the surface would increase. (However, gravity at the original surface's distance from the center would not change at all. )
Sure, but what are the required known and observable conditions for such an "internal/external" pressure? Your point appears to be the ruler of the situation rather than the description of an observable event. Very interesting. Not convincing at all but very interesting.
Stars maintain their sizes because they are "puffed up" by the energy produced in their cores. If they run out of fuel, they will collapse down, and if they were a massive enough star to begin with, this collapse will cause them to shrink so small that the gravity at their surface is so strong, that nothing can stop a further collapse.
Great, a star 100 times the size of the Sun, what will be its size after such a collapsing? I need to take notes of that, just give me a rough calculation, do not include decimals... it will be OK.
Eventually, the surface gravity becomes so strong that light itself can't escape, and a Black hole is formed.
OK. so the shrinking star still producing light but this light can't escape because the strong gravity. Are you implying the gravity of the star went greater after shrinking or became stronger because the surface is smaller? Please, note tyat I'm asking to take note without doubt about of what are you are telling me. Of course, you are free to change your answer at any time later on.
Main point anyway is that the shrinking star still can produce light but this light can't go anywhere, this is according to what you just say. If you think different, then correct yourself, now wehen you still have time.
Again, assuming any planets survived the events leading up to the formation of the black hole (which usually involves the star blowing off a good part of its mass in a supernova), they would continue to orbit the new black hole just like they orbited the Star (Black holes that act like a vacuum cleaner, sucking up everything around them is a bad science fiction meme and has nothing to do with the real physics.
Oh! Wow! This is great, even when a partial supernova happens in the process of a black hole formation, planets surrounding that star won't feel sh... oh, excuse me, I mean, won't be affected. Those planets will continue their orbit around the shrinking star as they did before when the star was fatter and shiner.
I truly need to know who was your science teacher.
The "theoretical" aspects of a Black hole are all about how things behave when you get very close to one, where the gravity gets really strong and produces some interesting results.
Before you go around claiming that something doesn't exist, maybe you should learn what it actually is first.
Of course, and before learning what a black hole is, best is to know the origin of such idea, because this is a case where the idea came before the observation, so lets see how close to reality was such idea.