A revival of the art and craft of
stained glass window manufacture took place in
early 19th-century Britain, beginning with an armorial window created by
Thomas Willement in 1811-12.[
citation needed] The revival led to stained glass windows becoming such a common and popular form of coloured pictorial representation that many thousands of people, most of whom would never
commission or purchase a painting, contributed to the commission and purchase of stained glass windows for their parish church.
Within 50 years of the beginnings of commercial manufacture in the 1830s, British stained glass grew into an enormous and specialised industry, with important centres in
Newcastle upon Tyne,
Birmingham,
Whitechapel in
London,
Edinburgh,
Glasgow,
Liverpool,
Norwich and
Dublin. The industry also flourished in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. By 1900 British windows had been installed in
Copenhagen,
Venice,
Athens,
Bangalore,
Nagasaki,
Manila and
Wellington