Aether and superstring
(This is a shortened version)
Even ancient Greek scientists felt that Outer Space could not be empty. Despite the incorrect naming (vacuum), it must be filled with some material. They thought this was material above a mythical atmosphere. The Latins called this aether, or ether. Its existence in the pre-20th century was absolutely trivial for all physicists and naturalists. The important role of this entity would have remained if Einstein and his theory of relativity had not come. He stated that the vacuum must necessarily be empty, because that is the only way his theory works. He said his theory needs space, but he doesn’t need filler material. Although he later realized (BBC, 1923) that ether is essential to the construction of the world and must be brought back into physics. But then he also realized that the theory he had recently set up was incompatible with ether, so he stayed in the empty vacuum. Today’s physicists say the vacuum isn’t completely empty, there’s something in it. An empty vacuum, as well as a semi-empty vacuum, is a misconception, in fact, a vacuum is a very dense liquid. As we will see, the latter version can provide appropriate and even highly logical solutions to a large number of unsolved requests in today’s physics. This means a change of attitude and a p
aradigm shift, and physics is on a new footing.
The Dirac Sea
There have been many signs in the history of physics, there have been many indications that the vacuum is not empty but is filled with some unknown and invisible matter. Around 1940, Paul Dirac, a former leading physicist in science, came up with the idea that Outer Space is filled to the brim with electrically charged but imperceptible virtual particles. These are called the virtual electron and the virtual positron, which are numerically in equilibrium and arranged in pairs.
Aether has extreme properties because it is invisible, impalpable, and massless. As we will see, it is actually considered a very dense liquid. It would be logical to give it a dense vacuum name, but perhaps it would be more ethical to call it a traditional ether This is the name given to this wonderful entity by ancient natural philosophers and later by classical physicists. The structure of the dense aether was first tried to edit by Michel Araday. He imagined pins and rollers densely next to each other, where the turning of pins was transmitted by the rollers to more distant areas. Unfortunately, this system is not able to model the complex behavior of the ether, not in the plane, and certainly not in space. It is highly probable that the aether is not a static fluid but a dynamic fluid, i.e. it is in internal motion and in a dynamic internal balance of forces and energy. As we shall see, its properties are difficult to detect, but they are very unexpected, one might say astonishing. Let's review the main characteristics of the dense vacuum, the ether.
The aether is invisible
Invisibility is a habitual thing, as air and water are invisible. Only the dirt is visible in these However, the attentive observer may notice that distant objects are more blurred. So clean air and water absorb light rays, albeit to a small extent. He swallows, but he does not mediate, he only passes on himself Not only does the ether not absorb light, it actually transmits it. There are theoretical constructions that try to explain a beam of light traveling at a constant speed without an intermediating medium. These attempts seem weak and even nonsense, both scientifically and technically.
At the beginning of the last century, astronomers were still convinced that the vacuum was completely transparent and free of dirt. However, they turned out to be wrong because the dust and gas clouds in outer space strongly attenuate the light from distant stars and galaxies, greatly modifying previous distance estimates. The ether is therefore similar in this respect to the invisible media we are used to, the air and water already mentioned, i.e, space also contains light-absorbing pollutants.
Ether is superfluid
The phenomenon of superfluidity also occurs in the world of fermions, that is, in our material world. Here, for example, is
2He3 helium, which is a superfluid near absolute zero. It shows no friction and no fluid resistance for objects moving in it. Small objects do not break into them. Bosons well known in theoretical physics are also superfluid, just like the ether sea. Material bodies are not inhibited in the latter media either.
Physical Parameters
Many physical properties of vacuum have been measured by physicists as early as the period of classical physics, the 19th century, and the early 20th century. Then the more precise tests and measurements continued, despite the majority opinion that the vacuum was already empty. However, seeing the very accurate numbers, there was some (a little) change of attitude. The complete emptiness has been replaced by the half-full version, the compromise claim that the vacuum is not completely empty, but there is a different thing in it. The logical conclusion is that the vacuum is “full to the brim,” a proof we will make later. In the meantime, let's look at some of the more important parameters of ether according to the CODATA data:
Some of the data in the table are so-called basic data (measured data). Other parts of it are derived data, which we know how to calculate from the basic data. However, this division is rather formal, because nature knows the order of importance much better than we do. Let us consider as derived data:
c = (e0*m0, h = 4p* S0 , E0 calculated value (DAVID BŐHM, 1934).
The energy of the vacuum.
The internal energy of the vacuum is estimated at
1010 to
10111 joules / m3 by estimates and more modern calculations. This is because the energy of the vibration frequencies must be summed from 0 to infinity, for the up harmonics last indefinitely. Fortunately, the vacuum is located in an energy pit and only passes into a deeper energy pit under special effects. Such a special effect is given, for example, by the electrons orbiting the atom, which continuously radiate energy due to acceleration. It is not a problem for the ether to replenish this spread energy. The situation is similar inside the nucleons that make up the nucleus, where spinning the valence quarks requires even more energy. Their dissipated energy is easily and directly replaced by a vacuum. This is because the vacuum is in every subatomic particle. It is probable that the vacuum gives the energy to the photons and of course, it also determines the speed of the light beam:
c=(*)-1/2 = 299 792 458 m/s
Extreme Density of Ether
There are natural phenomena whose power is apparently not justified by anything. Such is the case with cavitation, which at first appears like an innocuous steam bubble, but then collapses with a huge click instead of a small burst. An example of the force of a vacuum is the Overspeed propeller, from which cavitation can continuously rip metal pieces. (The propeller may “run out.”) An example is the effortlessly floating, seemingly weightless little ball of light, the spherical lightning. This can be very forceful at times. You can press down on the observer's head, smash a church door, or shred a large oak tree into shavings. All these forces and energies come out of the vacuum.
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