Abstract: A paradox arises when the degree of Positional Dependence (PD) of the dependent concept within the scope of a given question is not taken into account in relation to the leading concept within the same scope.
Example 1 — The Egg and the Hen:
Note: This is only a translation into English, made exclusively by AI for Sciforums. The original conceptual framework, theses, and axioms belong to the author.
If one link is not sufficient, please see here for a broader set of references where the work has long been published:Search results — Решение парадоксов (окончательная версия) /Resolution of Paradoxes (Final Version)/
Example 1 — The Egg and the Hen:
- The dependent: “Egg,” relying on the leading “Hen,” in the maximally possible PD in both of its states:
- Initial (as laid by the hen),
- Final (as incubated by the hen).
- In the perspective of the question “Which came first?” the leading concept is revealed in the minimally possible PD of combinatorial concepts suitable for choice.
- Thus, the paradox is resolved by distinguishing between maximal and minimal PD roles.
- Achilles moves only to the mark left by the leading “moving tortoise.”
- He cannot overtake it, relying in both states on the maximal PD of the tortoise.
- The paradox dissolves once the positional dependence is redefined.
- The dependent “I” in the final state, relying on the leading “Lie” in minimal PD, becomes sequentially negated in both states.
- The paradox is resolved by shifting the PD role.
- The dependent “Cretan” in the final state, relying on the leading “set of Cretans not represented by this Cretan as non-liars,” becomes sequentially negated in both states.
- Again, the paradox is resolved through PD adjustment.
- The dependent “Barber” relies on the leading “those who shave themselves” in maximal PD, and on “those who do not shave themselves” in minimal PD.
- The paradox is resolved by recognizing the change of PD degrees.
- The dependent “Arrow” relies on the leading “state of motion” in maximal PD, and on “state of rest” in minimal PD.
- The paradox is resolved by situating the arrow within the change of PD degrees.
- The dependent “Knowledge” relies on the leading “knowable.”
- The paradox of Zeno is resolved by clarifying the positional dependence of knowledge.
Note: This is only a translation into English, made exclusively by AI for Sciforums. The original conceptual framework, theses, and axioms belong to the author.
If one link is not sufficient, please see here for a broader set of references where the work has long been published:Search results — Решение парадоксов (окончательная версия) /Resolution of Paradoxes (Final Version)/