The Judgment upon Sodom and Gomorrah
See also:
Hospitality § Judaism
The story of the judgment of Sodom and Gomorrah is told in
Genesis 18–19. Three men, thought by most commentators to have been angels appearing as men,[
citation needed] came to Abraham in the plains of Mamre. After the angels received the hospitality of Abraham and Sarah, "the Lord" revealed to Abraham that he would confirm what he had heard against Sodom and Gomorrah, "and because their sin is very grievous."
In response, Abraham inquired of the Lord if he would spare the city if 50 righteous people were found in it, to which the Lord agreed he would not destroy it for the sake of the righteous yet dwelling therein. Abraham then inquired of God for mercy at lower numbers (first 45, then 40, then 30, then 20, and finally at 10), with the Lord agreeing each time.
[36] Two angels were sent to Sodom to investigate and were met by Abraham's nephew
Lot, who convinced the angels to lodge with him, and they ate with Lot.
Genesis 19:4–5 described what followed, which confirmed its end:
4 But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, compassed the house round, both young and old, all the people from every quarter.
5 And they called unto Lot, and said unto him: 'Where are the men that came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them.'
(
NRSV: know them,
NIV: can have sex with them,
NJB: can have intercourse with them).
Sodom and Gomorrah from the
Nuremberg Chronicle by
Hartmann Schedel, 1493.
Lot's wife, already transformed into a salt pillar, is in the center.
Lot refused to give his guests to the inhabitants of Sodom and, instead, offered them his two
virgin daughters "which have not
known man" and to "do ye to them as
[is] good in your eyes". However, they refused this offer, complained about this alien, namely Lot, giving orders, and then came near to break down the door. Lot's angelic guests rescued him and struck the men with blindness and they informed Lot of their mission to destroy the city. Then (not having found even 10 righteous people in the city), they commanded Lot to gather his family and leave. As they made their escape, one angel commanded Lot to "look not behind thee" (singular "thee"). However, as Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed with
brimstone and fire from the Lord,
Lot's wife looked back at the city, and she became a pillar of salt.