Wow. You are very intellectual and organized about how you work out. Heh, I'm terrible. Basically my workout works something like this:.
Monday:
Muscle group=back
First, I do my warm ups for about 10 minutes or so, just doing the same exercises I normally, except with half the weight.
Then I hit it really hard. I do chin-ups... first set I do about 15-17. Then I rest for 3 minutes or so and then I do barbell rows at about 100 lbs, and I do those until failure (I can't do anymore). Then I rest a few minutes and do more chin-ups... but then I can only do about 6. Rest about 3 minutes and then do dumbell rows at about 80 lbs per dumbell. I do those until failure, which is about 8 or so. Rest a few minutes, do more chin-ups.
So I cycle between chin-ups and other back exercises in a sort of superset fashion. I stop when I feel like I've had a good workout and my muscles feel sufficiently stimulated. Usually my workouts last something like 45 minutes and I do a total of 5-6 supersets (for back). But the main thing is, everything I do, I do until failure, for maximum stimulation. That's the benefit of stimulating one muscle group per day. Hardcore concentrated muscle stimulation.
Tuesday:
Muscle group=chest
Normal warm-ups. Half weight for 10 minutes.
Then I go hardcore. I do 3 sets normal flat bench press (185 lbs), then 3 sets incline (175 lbs) and I do some other weird cable exercise that cuts my lower pecs pretty well, since we don't have a decline (fucking school gym). All of these I do until failure.
Wednesday:
Muscle group=legs and miscellaneous
This is the day I do squats. I warm up with about 135 lbs for about 10 minutes.
Then I go hardcore, but not as much as the other exercises, because you have to be cautious with squats. I've seen girls on the basketball team try doing squats 225 lbs. It was fucking hilarious. They were like, "You can do it!" and then the girl lifts up the bar with no problem, she squats down, can't pick up, and then falls down--it was hilarious. It's like they think they're men, or something.
I do 225 lbs on squats to play it safe. I do it until I don't think I can safely do another one, which is usually somewhere around 8.
Then I do other weird miscellaneous exercises you might not ordinarily think of, like forearms and calves. Then it's back to the squats.
Thursday:
muscle group=shoulders
Warm-ups--half weight for 10 minutes.
Then I do seated shoulder dumbell press. Right now I'm doing 75 lbs dumbells (total of 150 lbs) and I can normally do about 7 or 8 of those per set.
I wait a few minutes to rest and then do seated-bentover rear lateral raises--which is an awesome exercise. Really good for the rear delts, it's fucking killer though. Hurts a lot, there's a lot of burn that goes with it.
I just alternate between those exercises, mixing up with a few others on occasion.
Friday:
muscle group=arms
That day I just work out my biceps and triceps directly. The reason I do arms Friday is so they had Thursday and Wednesday to heal and recuperate a little from being worked out on Monday and Tuesday from the back and chest exercises. This way they at least had a little rest and now they're ready for more abuse.
A lot of my routine is based on intuition and experience, knowing when I've had enough and being sensitive to my body to realize what works and whatnot. I don't really quantify everything and it works pretty well. But I probably should start working at it more like you. Measuring my body and all that stuff.
This is an awesome resource for exercise executions:
http://ast-ss.com/training/exercises/eow-intro.asp