The next decade or two should see the advent of various new materials, semiconductor and bioinformatic-prosthetic advances that will use matter (substrates, atoms, and electrons) in wholly novel combinations, that will make matter and energy behave in ways never before seen.
Along with these kinds of advances in our understanding and ability to manipulate and constrain this behaviour, with various contraptions and devices, we are advancing our ability to exploit the world, and our ability to compete with other species, and to "maintain" a level of dominant status, in both regards, that also looks set to introduce changes to the world we live in.
We have, of course, always been between the rewards our inquisitiveness, and "handyman" ability: to pick up things and use them, turn them into more than bits of tree and rock bring us, and our ability to change the world, to consume resources, and have to move on to other sources. Now the world is changing because we have changed it; our success as a species is also our greatest threat to that very success, it seems.
Anyways, there are definitely going to be advances in the way micro- and nano-devices are going to be put together, and quantum, superconducting and other "anomalous" kinds of behaviours that appear to be able to tunnel through thermodynamical walls or barriers, will feature, once the cryogenic requirements have been addressed.
Here's a sample or two:
Vol. 316. no. 5825, pp. 723 - 726
DOI: 10.1126/science.1141324
They're onto this quantum information stuff, it can be "used" and transported around.
These nanowires could form a communication channel type structure in a substrate, or between different parts of a chip.
New kinds of detectors, or ways to interact with light, electric charge and magnetism.
Correlated randomness, a new kind of statistical phenomenon. With potential signaling uses.
Along with these kinds of advances in our understanding and ability to manipulate and constrain this behaviour, with various contraptions and devices, we are advancing our ability to exploit the world, and our ability to compete with other species, and to "maintain" a level of dominant status, in both regards, that also looks set to introduce changes to the world we live in.
We have, of course, always been between the rewards our inquisitiveness, and "handyman" ability: to pick up things and use them, turn them into more than bits of tree and rock bring us, and our ability to change the world, to consume resources, and have to move on to other sources. Now the world is changing because we have changed it; our success as a species is also our greatest threat to that very success, it seems.
Anyways, there are definitely going to be advances in the way micro- and nano-devices are going to be put together, and quantum, superconducting and other "anomalous" kinds of behaviours that appear to be able to tunnel through thermodynamical walls or barriers, will feature, once the cryogenic requirements have been addressed.
Here's a sample or two:
--Science 4 May 2007:Quantum Coherent Tunable Coupling of Superconducting Qubits
A. O. Niskanen, K. Harrabi, F. Yoshihara, Y. Nakamura, S. Lloyd, J. S. Tsai1
To do large-scale quantum information processing, it is necessary to control the interactions between individual qubits while retaining quantum coherence. To this end, superconducting circuits allow for a high degree of flexibility. We report on the time-domain tunable coupling of optimally biased superconducting flux qubits. By modulating the nonlinear inductance of an additional coupling element, we parametrically induced a two-qubit transition that was otherwise forbidden. We observed an on/off coupling ratio of 19 and were able to demonstrate a simple quantum protocol.
Vol. 316. no. 5825, pp. 723 - 726
DOI: 10.1126/science.1141324
They're onto this quantum information stuff, it can be "used" and transported around.
--Copyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyNature of Sub-Band Gap Luminescent Eigenmodes in a ZnO Nanowire
S. Rühle, L. K. van Vugt, H.-Y. Li, N. A. Keizer, L. Kuipers, and D. Vanmaekelbergh*
Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80 000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF), Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Received August 29, 2007
Revised October 29, 2007
Abstract:
The emission spectrum of individual high-quality ZnO nanowires consists of a series of Fabry-Pérot-like eigenmodes that extend far below the band gap of ZnO. Spatially resolved luminescence spectroscopy shows that light is emitted predominantly at both wire ends, with identical spectra reflecting standing wave polariton eigenmodes. The intensity of the modes increases supralinearly with the excitation intensity, indicating that the mode population is governed by scattering among polaritons. Due to strong light-matter interaction, light emission from a ZnO nanowire is not dictated by the electronic band diagram of ZnO but depends ...on the wire geometry and the excitation intensity. Delocalized polaritons provide a natural explanation for the pronounced subwavelength guiding in ZnO wires that has been reported previously.
These nanowires could form a communication channel type structure in a substrate, or between different parts of a chip.
--Copyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyNovel Photoluminescence Properties of Surface-Modified Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide: Toward a Reactive Scaffold
Jason W. Soares, James E. Whitten, Daniel W. Oblas, and Diane M. Steeves*
U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760-5000 and Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854-5047
Received September 12, 2007
In Final Form: November 14, 2007
Abstract:
Nanocrystalline zinc oxide has been functionalized with 11-triethoxysilylundecal to introduce chemical reactivity for subsequent molecular attachment while preserving its unique photoluminescence (PL) properties. Silane bonding is confirmed using FTIR and photoelectron spectroscopy, with a total Si concentration of 3 to 4 atomic %. PL measurements demonstrate a 2-fold enhancement of its UV peak and maintenance of its visible peak compared to control samples. Enhancement of the UV peak is likely due to a decrease in the surface-dependent nonradiative recombination process. These results lay the framework for sensor fabrication, with the aldehyde groups available to bind analytes that would alter the PL spectrum.
New kinds of detectors, or ways to interact with light, electric charge and magnetism.
--Copyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyCorrelated Random Telegraph Signal and Low-Frequency Noise in Carbon Nanotube Transistors
Fei Liu* and Kang L. Wang
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, and Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
Received September 6, 2007
Revised November 6, 2007
Abstract:
A correlated random telegraph signal is observed from the interaction of two individual defects in a carbon nanotube transistor. It is shown that the amplitude fluctuation of one defect significantly depends on the state of the other defect. Moreover, statistics of the correlated switchings is shown to deviate from the ideal Poisson process. Physics of this random telegraph signal correlation is attributed to the fact that the two defects are located closer than the sum of their Fermi-Thomas screening lengths. This work brings new implications to the source of low frequency noise in nanodevices. Moreover, statistic studies provide a new avenue to study correlated effects due to particle interactions.
Correlated randomness, a new kind of statistical phenomenon. With potential signaling uses.
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