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[TheVat]

I find this blog from a young AI researcher helpful. If you don't want to read it all you can read intro and then scroll down to the section about Saddle Points, which helps to understand how AI can get stuck looping.

https://lightcapai.medium.com/stuck-in-the-loop-why-ai-chatbots-repeat-themselves-and-how-we-can-fix-it-cd93e2e784db