Why is it difficult to turn seawater into drinking water?

Yes I think that's the most basic and practical approach. I was also thinking about the solar collector for its high temperature and the hygienic advantage. But for starters I think it would be great if the world relief agencies set out to furnish one of these for every person in every area that could benefit from it.

 

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Yes that's where I was heading. If there was some natural resource readily available that could contain steam, then you get potable water, hot water, a way to sterilize plus power. For most folks, that would be most practical as electricity. But for the people in crisis (think Darfur, only with access to the sea) even mechanical power might be the difference between life and death. For example suppose some of these were set up to pump the salt water, or to liberate people from hauling water generally, which steals their vital energy. Clay came to mind since pottery seems to be so basic. Obviously firing a pressure vessel or trying to make reliable clay pipe might get too complicated but nevertheless it came to mind as something that might be made plausible with a kit of some kind, maybe with some simple tools and templates to make forms from. Something like that. Once you give people the way to bootstrap themselves out of abject misery they're going to exploit it and do everything in their power not to slide back. At least that's my thinking.

 

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Are you saying that cheep clean water will eliminate abject misery? I would say it might be a good start but still a long way from that goal.

 

I haven't tried it with sea water but I've played around a little with electrolysis. It would be interesting to have a cheap simple device that could provide some useful chemicals. In the case of people in crisis, even bleach might prevent a lot of needless illness and death.. Of course that would require educating people on safe handling etc.

Unfortunately electrolysis is an electricity hog.

Crude oil from sea water?

 

Not directly. But combine it with carbon (from atmospheric CO2) and you can make almost any hydrocarbon you want.

 

I can relate to this. My younger brother was killed in Vietnam when he was 19 and it devastated my parents for over a year (very slow recovery).

Well I did say it was a good start and I'll still stick with that. With more survivors you actually increase the number of people that will be in "abject misery" in many places on this Earth.

I sometimes wonder if survival is enough? I know part of that problem is I am used to the standard of living I have, and I'm just not willing to survive at levels much lower than I'm used to. That's got to be someone else's job if it comes right down to it.

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Ion Concentration Polarization - ICP

A new method for desalination has not been mentioned on this thread but it has been around for many years now.

This is not typically as cost effective as osmosis methods, but operates at the microscopic scale so tiny gravity driven, battery operated desalination units are possible. Desalination typically requires pressurized tanks and is associated with giant structures.

There are claims that this can be/is the new cheapest method of desalination and is very unique compared to traditional methods.

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http://www.science20.com/news_articles/water_desalination_ion_concentration_polarization

http://www.nature.com/nnano/journal/v5/n4/abs/nnano.2010.34.html

http://www.rle.mit.edu/micronano/ICP_desalination.htm

 

US farm subsidies, the vast fertile mid west, and well meaning groups all actually make life worse in many places in Africa, where locals could grow more food than the population needs. Why don´t they? you may ask.

Answer is that the boat loads of food US (and some others) send is not all eaten by the leaders, but sold at prices in local markets which are less than the cost of local production, so even those with land to farm do not, but buy the cheaper food from America (or starve). That is less costly to them than raising their own, which they can not sell at a positive return. Many economies in Africa would be self sustaining if cheap food from America were not allowed into those African countries.

If US really wanted to help, send agricultural experts, seeds for that climate, etc. as China is doing. It is little wonder China is winning the battle for the hearts and minds of Africa, with trade now more than the US has, many oil and mineral rights granted, etc. Rural Africans may not be educated, but they know US dumping of its food surpluses is why they can not make a living as farmers. If they don´t yet, there are plenty of Chinese communist agents telling them. China has more than one million Chinese workers in Africa! The RMB is starting be be used, but the dollar is still dominate - but for how long?

 

Is desalinated water free from heavy metals and other undesired elements?

 

It's so pure it's actually bad for you, they have to remineralize it for safe drinking.

 

Minor correction: It's not that it's bad for you, it's to make it taste better / more like "normal" water (otherwise it tastes very flat). It's often aerated also - for the same reason.

 

Actually it can kill you if you drink to much without adding salts or eating a lot of salt. Obviously it depends on circumstances for instance someone in a desert country with a larger water intake is at more risk of water toxicity than someone in a colder country but the risk is there

 

I did some searching and couldn't find any support for what you just said. Do you have a link we can view in support of that?

 

This is true. In fact, an event that made the news sometime back was "Hold your pee for a wii" contest a radio station held, that resulted in a woman's death from water intoxication.

 

I just read somewhere that it was impossible to hold it back long enough to cause death by water intoxication. When you got to go, you got to go. Anyway I know I couldn't do it.

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