WATER ON MARS

Discussion in 'Astronomy, Exobiology, & Cosmology' started by timojin, Nov 23, 2017.

  1. timojin Valued Senior Member

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    Water here and water there on Mars
    http://www.businessinsider.com/scie...uid-water-on-mars-2017-11?utm_source=feedburn

    Mars is covered with spooky little grooves, some of which have been attributed to flowing water. Unfortunately, it seems scientists might have been a little off in their understanding of some of Mars’s lines — and it’s potentially a bummer for astrobiologists.

    Historically, seasonal dark streaks on the Red Planet have been the source of some debate. Some scientists have suggested that these lines — called recurring slope lineae (RSL) — were caused by once-flowing water on the planet. Others have posited the grooves were created by the flow of something else, such as sand.

    But a new study published Monday in Nature Geoscience bolsters the latter idea — that flowing sand and dust from avalanches could have created these dark streaks.

    “The RSL (recurring slope lineae) on Mars behave in a similar way to laboratory experiments on Earth,” Planetary Science Institute Senior Scientist Jim McElwaine, a co-author on the paper, said in a statement. “What is still not understood is where the supply of fresh material comes from, though we do have some speculative ideas.”
     
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  3. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    Yes that was discussed here.
    http://www.sciforums.com/threads/ice-shapes-the-landslide-landscape-on-mars.160227/
    So what's your point? It "could"apply yes, science agrees with that, but the crux of the whole matter is of course there is positive confirmation of water on Mars, as I and many others have told you before.
    See Phoenix Lander.
     
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  5. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_on_Mars
    Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere[4] and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.[5][6] The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap.[7] Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate latitudes.[8][9][10][11]More than five million cubic kilometers of ice have been identified at or near the surface of modern Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of 35 meters (115 ft).[12] Even more ice is likely to be locked away in the deep subsurface.[13]


    Many lines of evidence indicate that water is abundant on Mars and has played a significant role in the planet's geologic history.[35][36] The present-day inventory of water on Mars can be estimated from spacecraft imagery, remote sensing techniques (spectroscopicmeasurements,[37][38] radar,[39] etc.), and surface investigations from landers and rovers.[40][41] Geologic evidence of past water includes enormous outflow channels carved by floods,[42] ancient river valley networks,[43][44] deltas,[45] and lakebeds;[46][47][48][49] and the detection of rocks and minerals on the surface that could only have formed in liquid water.[50] Numerous geomorphic features suggest the presence of ground ice (permafrost)[51] and the movement of ice in glaciers, both in the recent past[52][53][54][55] and present.[56] Gullies and slope lineae along cliffs and crater walls suggest that flowing water continues to shape the surface of Mars, although to a far lesser degree than in the ancient past.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_on_Mars
     
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  7. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_on_Mars#Phoenix

    The Phoenix lander also confirmed the existence of large amounts of water ice in the northern region of Mars.[345][346] This finding was predicted by previous orbital data and theory,[347]and was measured from orbit by the Mars Odyssey instruments.[11] On June 19, 2008, NASA announced that dice-sized clumps of bright material in the "Dodo-Goldilocks" trench, dug by the robotic arm, had vaporized over the course of four days, strongly indicating that the bright clumps were composed of water ice that sublimes following exposure. Even though CO2 (dry ice) also sublimes under the conditions present, it would do so at a rate much faster than observed.[348] On July 31, 2008, NASA announced that Phoenixfurther confirmed the presence of water ice at its landing site. During the initial heating cycle of a sample, the mass spectrometer detected water vapor when the sample temperature reached 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K).[197] Liquid water cannot exist on the surface of Mars with its present low atmospheric pressure and temperature, except at the lowest elevations for short periods.[194][244][345][349]

    Perchlorate (ClO4), a strong oxidizer, was confirmed to be in the soil. The chemical, when mixed with water, can lower the water freezing point in a manner similar to how salt is applied to roads to melt ice.
     
  8. timojin Valued Senior Member

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  9. timojin Valued Senior Member

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    Hi guy, I told you so. Now even the Dark matter is questioned . Many theory are changing
    That is science.
     
  10. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    Are you saying there is no water on Mars? Could we have a reference for that?
    Are you saying that DM has been invalidated? Can we have a reference for that?
    Now some facts...Yes theories will change when we have a better model, supported by evidence...that's the scientific method and has always applied.
     
  11. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    Recent paper of the subject of water on Mars....

    https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.00518.pdf
    1 Aug 2017
    Equatorial locations of water on Mars: Improved resolution maps based on Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer data:

    Abstract

    We present a map of the near subsurface hydrogen distribution on Mars, based on epithermal neutron data from the Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer. The map’s spatial resolution is approximately improved two-fold via a new form of the pixon image reconstruction technique. We discover hydrogen-rich mineralogy far from the poles, including ∼10 wt. % water equivalent hydrogen (WEH) on the flanks of the Tharsis Montes and >40 wt. % WEH at the Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF). The high WEH abundance at the MFF implies the presence of bulk water ice. This supports the hypothesis of recent periods of high orbital obliquity during which water ice was stable on the surface. We find the young undivided channel system material in southern Elysium Planitia to be distinct from its surroundings and exceptionally dry; there is no evidence of hydration at the location in Elysium Planitia suggested to contain a buried water ice sea. Finally, we find that the sites of recurring slope lineae (RSL) do not correlate with subsurface hydration. This implies that RSL are not fed by large, near-subsurface aquifers, but are instead the result of either small (<120 km diameter) aquifers, deliquescence of perchlorate and chlorate salts or dry, granular flows.
     
  12. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    And an even more recent paper................
    Submitted on 27 Sep 2017
    https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1709/1709.09687.pdf
    Paleohydrology on Mars constrained by mass balance and mineralogy of preAmazonian sodium chloride lakes
    Abstract

    Chloride-bearing deposits on Mars record high-elevation lakes during the waning stages of Mars’ wet era (mid-Noachian to late Hesperian). The water source pathways, seasonality, salinity, depth, lifetime, and paleoclimatic drivers of these widespread lakes are all unknown. Here we combine reaction-transport modeling, orbital spectroscopy, and new volume estimates from high-resolution digital terrain models, in order to constrain the hydrologic boundary conditions for forming the chlorides. Considering a T = 0 °C system, we find: (1) individual lakes were >100 m deep and lasted decades or longer; (2) if volcanic degassing was the source of chlorine, then the water-to-rock ratio or the total water volume were probably low, consistent with brief excursions above the melting point and/or arid climate; (3) if the chlorine source was igneous chlorapatite, then Cl-leaching events would require a (cumulative) time of >10 yr at the melting point; (4) Cl masses, divided by catchment area, give column densities 0.1 – 50 kg Cl/m2 , and these column densities bracket the expected chlorapatite-Cl content for a seasonally-warm active layer. Deep groundwater was not required. Taken together, our results are consistent with Mars having a usually cold, horizontally segregated hydrosphere by the time chlorides formed.
     
  13. timojin Valued Senior Member

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    Where is the bloody ignored member hiding ?
     
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  14. Gawdzilla Sama Valued Senior Member

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    Your underwear.
     
  15. paddoboy Valued Senior Member

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    You do realize that the stupidity you exhibit in most of your posts, is painting you into a corner, don't you?
    Are you still a proud god fearing christian, albeit a dishonest one?

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