(( )) = torus/tubular--outer( convex side ) and inner( concave side ) ( (O)) = 3 great circles Blue/gravity outer/convex great circle Green/spine inside great circle---aka central axis Red/fermionic inner/concave great circle The 4th great circle of torus is a cross section of the tube itself and may be seen as being a spiral( / ) trajectory that defines the tube as it goes around and around. r6