That's a really tiny image, and hard to make out clearly. To me, it appears to be a broken layer of cumulus (becoming scattered farther from the camera) illuminated by a low sun angle. There are waves visible at that altitude (about 5k' above the camera) that are revealing the wake of upwind mountains. Judging by the period of the waves in the foreground, the winds at that level are probably between 20 and 30 knots. It's relatively cool and stable air, and a cold front with precipitation may have passed through a few hours prior.
Orleander: "has there ever been a new cloud type discovered?"
The basic cloud forms have been defined for centuries, and these are some common characterizations: flat, lumpy, rainy, lumpy-rainy, curly, and high. To standardize (and sound more impressive) it's common to use latin words for these descriptors: Stratus, cumulus, nimbus, cumulonimbus, cirrus, and alto, respectively. There are various compound words made up of these descriptors, like "cumulonimbus" (lumpy raining cloud) for example. Some less common cloud types haven't ever gotten latin names- for example, roll clouds, which are tubular indicators of rather violent rotors. Rotors are the horizontal vortices that can occur in the wake of tall terrain in high wind. Lenticulars are the standing clouds that make visible the upper part of vast atmospheric waves, and they stay in place while smooth, fast winds arc through them. Mushroom and funnel clouds are examples of plain-english descriptors of the more unusual.
It's hard to imagine new cloud types being "discovered" to science from the present. But if you do scientifically describe a significant phenomenon that lacks any established descriptor, you could possibly still put a name to it. If you browse the site below, you'll learn about all sorts of unique cloud phenomena. In general, we've been watching the moods of the sky long enough now, that just about everything you are ever likely to see up there has a name to identify it. The short-term variations in the weather are a lot more dramatic than the centuries-long cycles of climate change. Violent weather may be becoming more frequent, but it's still known phenomena. Except for man-made phenomena- like the ice crystals we paint across the sky when we fly through moist air at high altitude (contrails) and occasional large man-made heat plumes and explosions, there really isn't anything new going on, in terms of clouds.
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