Explaining Cosmology I decided to write out a thorough essay like post which is intended to clearly lay out the basic explanations to certain concepts both formally and theoretically. By doing so, this will hopefully illustrate and demonstrate a clearer connection between these concepts. There are several theories that deal with several levels and aspects of how nature or the universe works. Each theory is accurate to a certain extent. It would be in my opinion more accurate to say: "Each theory is accurate for the extent of detail and complexity it is intended to deal with" compared to saying "One theory is more or less true, or correct than another theory". This is because each theory contains important predictions and declarations that stand up to scrutinized testing. Each theory contains information that is important for making connections to other theories and furthering an understanding. Part 1: Starting with a statement that is both complex but very fundamental: Any material is at rest (0) and also in motion (+/-) at the same time. See an Image Here To explain this statement: Any material is at rest (0) and also in motion (+/-) at the same time. Here is an example: When driving in your car at exactly 100km/h your car is in motion relative to the road. A person standing on the side of the road observes your car going 100km/h. However, according to you, your car is not moving at all. It is the same as if you were parked on the side of the road. If you were on a perfectly smooth road so you could not tell if you were moving (you ignore any of your gauges) and all your windows covered, you would experience the same if you were parked or moving. Another example: You are standing in a field. In the center of the field is a large boulder. The boulder is at rest. This means, it is not moving relative to you. However at the same time the boulder is on earth, the earth is in motion around the sun so the boulder is also in motion. It is important to note that everything is in space and can only be in space. Space means a location where distance can be found (not the phrase 'outter space'). Everything on, inside, or outside the earth resides in the term we call space. Distance means a separation of time between two locations. It CAN take an amount of time for something to traverse the distance (space). Likewise, there can be required an amount of time for an interaction to occur across a distance of space. However, the previous statement: "Any material is at rest (0) and also in motion (+/-) at the same time" , implies that also the following is true: Any material is NOT at rest (0) and also is NOT in motion (+/-) at the same time. This is quite obvious when you take a moment to think about it. Ask yourself, how can something be both moving and not moving at the same time? It implies that one can conclude that it is neither in motion or at rest. Because neither 'at rest' or 'in motion' can be absolutely true. Which is basically stating motion is relative and therefore under certain circumstances (as we shall read later) a meaningless concept. However confusing this is, it becomes more clear later on. Moving objects and objects at rest share something intimately in common. That is, they are both inertial. This means that they experience no force. Forces due to an acceleration or a de-acceleration. Inertial objects are in their natural state. They can be observed to have motion -that is 1 dimensional- or no motion -that is zero dimensional- but fundamentally it is an inertial object and there is no difference. Lets venture into how it is that motion and rest have no difference, and can exist at the same time and yet not at all. We can synchronize 100 clocks (timers) at a center point and call this point Center of observation at rest (C-O-R) [pronounced the core]. Next, we can send out these clocks in a circular manner (evenly distributed like the slice lines in a pizza or pie) at exact distances and velocities. Such that, each clock is a different direction from the center and all clocks are at the same distance (x value of distance) from the center and that each clock remains synchronized. At this point we can say, (in our minds) we "KNOW" all the clocks read the exact same time (t) and are at the exact same distance x from the COR. Then, each clock slows on its journey away from the core using some form of rockts and finally comes to stop at a position at 1,000,000meters away from the C-O-R. At this exact moment the clocks read t=18,000.00sec. Note: We exclude any possibilities that the clocks are in anyway by any effect out of synchronization. Next, you are located at the COR. According to this thought experiment, you know all the clocks read the same time. However, it is impossible for you to line up all the clocks infront of you to physically check them to make 100% sure. So, you use 100 telescopes each one is aimed and focused on one of each of the clocks and displays the image on 100 screens inside the ship that you are located at. Sure enough all the numbers read precisely the same on the screens (according to your data). Again, you are in a ship at REST located at the COR. If you decide to leave your COR position and move 1/2 of the distance towards one of the clocks something different will occur. Because you used light that travelled from the clocks, through your telescope and onto a display to observe the clocks (light being the main importance) you were observing the light that took a value of time "t" to travel the distance "x" to your position at the COR. Because you positioned yourself 1/2 of x distance closer to one of the clocks the light from each clock has a new distance to travel in order to reach your telescopes (located on your ship). The light from the furthest clock will take 1.5 times longer than when you were located at the COR. The clock you traveled half way towards will take 0.5 the amount of time to reach your telescopes. Now when you look on the monitors and all the clocks read a different time. Let's say that the clock furthest away reads 20,000seconds and the clock closest to you reads 25,000seconds. The clocks appear different now because a change in the clocks information takes different amounts of time to reach your ship. As long as you remain in this new 1/2 "x" position the furthest and closest clocks will remain 5000 seconds apart (25,000-20,000=5000). Note: These numbers are not intended to be realistic as for considering the actual speed of light. We know (in our minds) the clocks are actually synchronized, but when we move from the position of COR the clocks appear to not be synchronized on the display screens in the ship. So let's ask, are these 100 clocks synchronized or not? The answer is. All the clocks are the same age, but they can 'appear' to read different times when the observer moves from the position of COR (Center of Observation at Rest). Like an object that can be at both rest or in motion at the same time, the clocks can be both synchronized and out of synchronization at the same time. As we can understand: Whether an object is in motion or at rest is determined by an observer and relative to an observer. Whether a clock is observed to be in synch with another clock is determined by and observer and relative to an observer. Objects that are in motion have a term called Velocity. When objects are at rest they have zero velocity. Objects only move in + or - within a single dimension. Which means, matter can only have velocity that is + or - within a single dimension. However, consider the following statement: Objects can not contain velocity, rest or dimensions themselves that is by any means constant or absolute. This means Matter (objects) can not contain velocity, rest, or dimensions as their natural state. To explain, Objects do not contain a value -of velocity, rest, or dimension- that is absolutely true and thus, alone and to themselves they do not contain a value - of velocity, rest, or dimension-. Objects can not have the concept of Mass attributed to them in a way that is absolutely true. So let's ask, what causes an object (which we can also refer to here as Matter) to have mass? As earlier described, when objects are observed to move they are restricted to move in only 1 dimension when observed, and further more, in only 1 direction of that particular dimension. It is when this motion of an object is observed, in one direction of a single dimension that an object will interact in a way that it contains mass. Therefore, you can not claim an object has mass, unless it undergoes some form of interaction / change. For example: If an object is observed to be in motion (one direction and dimension at a velocity) and it runs into another object it will manifest the effect of mass (the ability to interact and effect another objects natural inertial state). When the object impacts the other object it is no longer inertial and a CHANGE occurs. The action or behavior of mass occurs entirely relative to observation. Any change must take the form of the following: (we have the three possible states of one possible frame ) 1) + 2) - 3) 0 (we have the three possible frame states and the 2 possible frame transformations per state. The slash / represents or) + = - / 0 (in words: + can transform to - or 0) and - = + / 0 and 0 = + / - For change. + has 2 options, - has two options, and 0 has two options, for a total of 2 transformation options for each of the 3 possible states. This is can be said as the 6 possible transformations. So in other words: These are the building blocks of possibilities of transformations of change for one event (due two an interaction of a minimum of two objects) relative to an observation frame. ( => represents transform to or change to ) 1) + => - 2) + => 0 3) 0 => + 4) 0 => - 5) - => + 6) - => 0 Examples of possibilities For {frame A} transformations: {frame A} = [frame B] { + => - } = [ - => 0 ] (deflection) { + => 0 } = [ 0 => + ] (deflection) { + => - } = [ - => - ] (bond) { + => 0 } = [ - => 0 ] (bond) + => - } = [ 0 => - ] (false) { - => + } = [ + => 0 ] (deflection) { - => 0 } = [ 0 => - ] (deflection) { - => + } = [ + => + ] (bond) { - => 0 } = [ + => 0 ] (bond) { - => + } = [ 0 => + ] (false) { 0 => + } = [ + => 0 ] (deflection) { 0 => - } = [ - => 0 ] (deflection) { 0 => + } = [ + => + ] (bond) { 0 => - } = [ - => - ] (bond) { 0 => - } = [ 0 => 0 ] (false) { 0 => + } = [ 0 => 0 ] (false) However, there is 3 possible states within one possible frame. That is, the frame can be -, +, and 0 at the same time, one specific state at a given time, or two states. To remove this 'confusion' all we must do is take from 2 to 3 frames and their possibilities: Frame 1 ( + 0 - ) Frame 2 ( + 0 - ) Frame 3 ( + 0 - ) Then combine them and call them: Two frames Ordered Stated, and Three frames Truly Ordered State. (quark combo's?) Truly Ordered States (TOS): A) Frame 1 ( + ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( - ) or B) Frame 1 ( - ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( + ) or C) Frame 1 ( + ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( + ) or D) Frame 1 ( - ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( - ) Note this TOS: Frame 1 ( 0 ) Frame 2 ( + ) Frame 3 ( 0 ) equals this TOS: Frame 1 ( + ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( + ) The above are like anti versions of perspective of a the same event. A, B, C, and D all have an anti version. It might be possible to imagine these frames in a situation like this: as an example; Frame # ( + ) Frame # ( 0 ) Frame # ( + ) The zero frame is located at the center of two other frames rotating around it. While they rotate they move inwards expelling mass and energy in order to do so. Seen from the inverse. Two objects are located outside at rest (since the perspective of any object is at rest) observing an object between them spinning and growing in size, increasing in energy and mass. When Combined, all the possible Ordered States can be clearly seen. It does not matter which frame has which state, or which state is at which frame (the numbers are meaningless. This is because each frame is an identical fundamental. However when united they form together an Ordered State of potential. These ordered states are seen in nature: (proton?) Frame 1 ( + ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( + ) (anti proton?) Frame 1 ( 0 ) Frame 2 ( + ) Frame 3 ( 0 ) (neutron?) Frame 1 ( - ) Frame 2 ( 0 ) Frame 3 ( - ) (etc) Now, of course I do not know enough about quarks and subatomic particles but the similarities are there. Back to objects banging into objects: When impacts between two objects occur, 3 things happen; 1)Energy is transferred and transformed 2)Momentum is exchanged (or transferred) and 3)A force acts equally and oppositely on each object. However, nothing is created or destroyed only changed. If something was destroyed, ask yourself where did it go to? If something was created, ask yourself where did it come from? The only thing that can occur here in this specific scenario is an act of: Transfer of Transformation. Let's look at the word Transfer. Let's look at the word Transform-ation: Note: Because of the similarity and fundamental importance of these two words 'Transfer' and 'Transform'. I wanted to shine some light to broaden the understanding of the meanings. According to this context on the physics of nature, Transfer could be said to be an exchange of ownership or entitlement over a particular thing amongst a minimum of two objects. Transform could be said to be to change or alter in form and/or behavior. The transfer of transformation then could be said as; The Transfer of 'ownership or entitlement' of 'form and/or behavior' amongst a minimum of two objects. This change that is the; exchange of 'ownership or entitlement' of 'form and/or behavior' occurs between only a minimum of two objects. These objects then can be said to be and only be the embodiments of a potential. This is, a potential that can exchange 'ownership or entitlement' of 'form and/or behavior', in a manner determined by an observer. For example: -The object of ownership of momentum can be transferred to another object. -The velocity can be transformed due to a force. -The energy can be transferred and transformed. -The momentum can be transferred. -Each object is subjected to an equal and opposite exchange in force. -The force is proportional to the time of change, and so is the mass. Preview of Part II: However, mass is described to be responsible for the effect of gravity. It is explained that presence of mass creates a distortion in the 'fabric' of space-time, or the space-time fabric. (as we mentioned earlier space and time are factors that must always be considered when dealing with an interaction and because they must be considered together we can call it space-time). Many examples of this effect of the presence of mass producing the effect of gravity show a body of mass sitting on a graph that looks like a heavy bowling ball sitting in the center of a trampoline. A 2 dimensional representation: Another way to see this in the 3 dimensional manner is like this: Although we can not directly see lights frequency band we can create a mental representation just like we did with the clocks that were synchronized but could not be directly interacted with in order to prove. We can see that a beam of light coming from a source changes frequency proportional to the distance from the source of the gravitational field. If we were to view this light at different points along its path it would be observed at a different and specific frequency depending on the distance from the source. [ mind you I cant post the links or images I would like to, to help explain :bawl: , but them are the rules. Please Register or Log in to view the hidden image!]
