Issues Concerning Global Warming Some Additional Problems from our World?s On-going C

Discussion in 'Earth Science' started by hknoy, Jun 12, 2010.

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  1. hknoy Registered Member

    Messages:
    4
    Posted on March 1, 2010

    To The Centre for Ice and Climate:

    A lot of those reporting on the melting of ice from glaciers world-wide and the ice at both the North and South poles are now forecasting complete melt-down in approximately 50 years, as opposed to previous estimates of 100 years. All they seem to justify for this more rapid melting is through the on- going observed and recorded actual measurements. We are also boring and analyzing ice core samples from past eons trying to find answers for the rapid increase in the atmospheric CO2 levels. Could there be another important factor contributing to our world’s increased ice melting rates that has been overlooked? Should “global warming” be replaced with the term “global heating” ?

    Global warming implies a measureable temperature increase.
    Global heating implies our planet is absorbing and retaining more heat energies than ever before. During the last one hundred and fifty years of global heating from world- wide combustion processes, heat energies are being absorbed by the polar ice fields, glaciers and the cold polar seas. However, all melting ice will hold temperature at the 32 degree F. constant until all the ice has been melted into water at 32 degrees F.

    Recent conclusions now put world-wide carbon dioxide emissions from burning hydrocarbon fuels of all kinds at over 50 billion tons annually.
    However, there has been no mention of the consequences of the other products from fuel combustion: water vapor and heat. Scientists are using ice core samples from ancient ice deposits to accurately track natural CO2 concentrations from many eons past to conclude our present rise in atmospheric concentration is just the beginning of another cycle.

    What’s significantly missing from these conclusions is the time factors
    recorded in the historic core sample fluctuations on CO2 cycles. The current CO2 rise is hundreds of times more rapid than in the ice core samples.
    Our present atmospheric CO2 levels are already alarmingly high, but now have been measured to be increasing at over 2 PPM every year. This rate of increase is unheard of in all recorded ice core samples. Our present atmospheric pollution causing the rapid world-wide disappearance of ice has taken use by surprise. This is partly due to only a slight rise in global dry bulb temperatures.

    Many people are claiming there is no global warming going on, because the slight increase in air temperature averages don’t justify the scientific claims. Could it be that the cold ice at both of our planet’s poles is absorbing vast quantities of combustion water vapor along with stack and exhaust gas heats in record amounts with only slight temperature increases? This lets the skeptics get away with their claims of negligible global warming, but does not explain the alarming ice melting going on.
    In addition to the 50 billion tons of CO2, our atmosphere is also absorbing over 40.9 billion tons of combustion water vapor and over 2 quadrillion BTU’s of exhaust and stack heats (30 % losses) every year.

    In thermodynamics, the greater the temperature difference, the faster heat energies will transfer from warmer to colder sources. Our earth’s poles are the coldest places for this to occur. This is where the ice is, and when melting, it provides the temperature buffer that produces no alarming air temperature increases.

    Could this additional atmospheric water vapor be responsible for the increased 32 degree F. ice melt-down as it silently condenses at the poles, releasing close to 970 BTU’s of latent heat into every pound of remaining ice at the constant 32 degree F. melting temperature?

    In recent years the water vapor and exhaust heat contents in our atmosphere have been increasing right along with the CO2 emissions. These increases are from the world-wide combustion processes of hydrocarbon fuels we are burning ever more to supply electricity and transportation from coal, oils, natural gas and gasoline.

    The additional heat and water vapor also explains why our world’s weather may be changing for the worse. Storms producing damaging high winds, rain, hail, snow, tornados, hurricanes and typhoons all depend on the air’s temperature, the water vapor in the air as humidity, barometric pressure differences, and wind speeds in encountering fronts.

    The humidity in the air of these fronts is dependent on the amount of water vapor that the air contains. Water vapor and temperature are two of the deciding factors in the intensity and severity of storms generated when mixtures of these atmospheric conditions permit. The number and severity of storms world-wide are now increasing as combustion processes increase.

    During these combustion processes of burning the earth’s hydrocarbon fuels, they combine with the air’s oxygen molecules to give off both useful and wasteful heat energies, along with newly formed carbon dioxide and water molecules. Have we overlooked the consequences of billions of tons of water vapor molecules and expelled excess heats being continuously released annually, and only focused our concerns on the problems from the carbon dioxide gas emissions? Not being familiar with the thermodynamics of combustion, many people and news media now have doubts about global warming. The average air temperature increases have not been alarming.

    To illustrate what happens during the fuel burning process, Marks’ Mechanical Engineers’ Handbook, 1930 edition, shows the combustion of one basic hydrocarbon fuel molecule of (CH4) with two oxygen molecules as 2(O2) on page 380. Mixed in the proper proportions and with an ignition source, this produces heat energies along with one molecule of carbon dioxide gas and two molecules of water in the vapor state, represented as:

    (CH4) + 2(O2) = (CO2) + 2(H2O)
    Using the atomic molecular weights of these participating molecules in the combustion of 16 pounds of basic hydrocarbon fuel where:

    C (carbon atom) = 12; H2 (hydrogen molecule) = 2; and O2 (oxygen molecule) = 32;
    (CH4) + 2(O2) + ignition = (CO2) + 2(H2O) + Heat
    16 lbs. + 64 lbs. = 44 lbs. + 36 lbs. + 320,000 BTU’s.
    (fuel) + (oxygen) = (carbon dioxide) + (water Vapor) + (heat)
    (One pound of fuel yields approximately 20,000 BTU’s of heat energy)

    (From Marks’ Mechanical Engineers’ Handbook, 1930, page 801)

    In addition to the 320,000 BTU’s of heat energy produced for every 44 pounds of carbon dioxide gas being released into our atmosphere, there are an additional 36 pounds of water vapor also being released into the earth’s atmosphere. This is a ratio of 9 to 11.
    The carbon dioxide gas is entering our atmosphere faster than our
    planet can absorb it. This is causing our atmosphere to continuously capture ever more of the sun’s energies and to reflect more infrared heat back into our planet from the added CO2 in the atmosphere .
    We know the unwanted CO2 gas is producing global heating through atmospheric absorption, but overlooked is the consequences of the billions of tons of water vapor and two quadrillion BTU’s of exhaust waste heat also being released from combustion annually.

    As these increasing amounts of combustion products from all fuel sources continues entering the atmosphere, global storm intensities are increasing, as well as escalating ice melting at both poles. Where are these 40 plus billion tons of combustion water vapor going after they leave all the world’s exhaust pipes and smoke stacks? This water vapor travels through our atmosphere’s normal balance of gases at the speed of molecular dispersion, looking for something cold enough where it can condense from the vapor state back into the liquid water or solid ice state.

    A good portion of this added water vapor every year is migrating through our atmosphere to our earth’s cold north and south poles. Basic physics and chemistry classes inform us that every pound of water vapor that condenses back to the liquid state will liberate approximately 970 BTU’s of latent heat energy. As our atmosphere absorbs the additional water vapor from the ever increasing combustion processes the world over, more and more of it seeks out the earth’s cold Polar Regions to condense, releasing vast amounts of latent heat of condensation into the cold oceans and ice. Place a glass of cold iced tea on the table on a fine summer’s day, and as the cold glass attracts water vapor out of the air, the glass soon sweats and drips water.

    As this latent heat of condensation melts the ice at the poles, the temperature remains constant, making it far from obvious as to what is really going on, except that we are observing ever greater quantities of ice disappearing every year.

    Let us not be fooled by the slight increase in the atmosphere’s temperature as the record amounts of ice are now in the process of melting at our poles. The melting of all this ice is from the latent heat energy being absorbed to change its state from solid ice to liquid water without a temperature change.

    As an example, when we melt one pound of ice at 32 degrees F. into one pound of water at 32 degrees F., 144 BTU’s of heat energy has to be absorbed to do this. All the while this heat energy is melting the ice, the temperature remains at the constant and stable 32 degrees F. with no temperature change. This is why it’s called the latent,or hidden, heat of fusion.

    When we go on a picnic to our beaches or park lands, we fill the insulated cooler with ice and dump in the sodas. The drinks soon chill to 32 degrees, and remain there for hours at 32 degrees F. until all the ice has melted into water. During this process of melting, the cooler’s contents remain at 32 degrees F. as the heat absorbed into the melting ice is hidden, or latent, and not recorded on any thermometer.

    As the polar ice caps and floating sea ice absorb exhaust heats and condense the world’s increasing combustion water vapor out of the atmosphere, the ice temperatures will rise until they reach 32 degrees F. It only takes one half of a BTU of heat energy to raise one pound of ice one degree F. One pound of condensing water vapor will raise almost one ton of ice one degree in temperature if it’s colder than the melting point. Once it reaches 32 degrees F., the result of the latent heat of condensation changes the 32 degree F. ice melting into 32 degree F. water, absorbing nearly 970 BTU’s of heat energy for every pound of water drawn out of the atmosphere. Because it takes only 144 BTU’s of heat energy to melt one pound of ice, but 970 BTU’s are liberated when one pound of water vapor condenses, every pound of water vapor condensed out of the atmosphere at the poles will melt over six and one half pounds of ice.

    The tremendous amounts of latent and exhaust heats being presently absorbed by the melting ice are really not causing the concerns it should be at the present, as the melting ice is acting as a temperature buffer. Over 40 billion tons of water vapor can melt over 260 billion tons if ice annually. We are only noticing a little rise in the average air temperature, but tremendous amounts of ice are disappearing. As more and more white ice and snow is melted off the land and the seas, the sun’s energies are now reflected less and absorbed more into the darker seas and land masses. This adds even more net heat gain to the planet. The atmosphere’s air temperature, however, will soon be rising ever faster as the latent-heated buffer (ice) disappears. The dry bulb thermometer temperature will be rising at an ever increasing exponential rate of change as less and less ice remains.

    The sad conclusion we must now face is that our planet’s atmosphere may have already reached the point of no return as evidenced by the great tonnage of ice now being continuously melted with only a small rise in the air’s temperature. We don’t realize the amount of actual latent heat energies that are currently pouring into our precious polar regions from our polluted atmosphere.

    The manufactured and sun-absorbed heat energies are really not warming our planet that much because they are being absorbed into the ice as latent heat while it melts. When all the ice is gone from the poles, not only will the world’s seas rise dramatically, but in addition, our earth’s air temperature will quickly rise along with an increase in water vapor, becoming hotter and muggier than ever before.

    But, there is hope for our beautiful blue globe. There are ways to draw upon and harness the everyday heat energy that’s in our atmosphere around us to generate electricity.

    Homer G. Knoy, C.M.S.
     
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  3. puzzler Registered Member

    Messages:
    1
    Global warming

    Im not a scientist but I believe global warming is occurring because we are removing too much coolant (petroleum) from the earth. By the time we realize that all this oil was the reason earth became somewhat stabilized as far as earthquakes, volcanos as well as consistancy of temperatures- it will be too late. We are creating an unstable situation and mother nature is about to raise utter havoc for us earthlings. All because we didn't understand the necessity of petroleum to the planet. We are about to see that Planet Earth needed the oil a lot more than we did.....::
     
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  5. hknoy Registered Member

    Messages:
    4
    Dear Puzzler,

    Thank you for your comments - additional reservations to be sure- on the
    transformation of some of the earth's liquid mass of petroleum to the
    gaseous states of CO2 and H2O vapors.

    The H2O water vapors from the world-wide burning of petroleum
    compounds are silently melting away the earth's ice fields as we speak.

    I only hope we haven't already reached the point of no return on
    losing all our ice. Not to mention the direct possibility of increased
    volcanic and earthquake activities!

    Humbly Yours,
    Homer G. Knoy, CMS
     
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  7. spidergoat pubic diorama Valued Senior Member

    Messages:
    54,036
    Nor is anything you said based on any current scientific knowledge. It's all about the CO[sup]2[/sup].
     
  8. Skeptical Registered Senior Member

    Messages:
    1,449
    There is absolutely no way that the ice at the South Pole will melt in 50 years. Nor in 100. Nor in 200. And probably not in 1000.

    Anyone who suggests otherwise is living in fairyland.

    Global warming is real, but we need to keep predictions associated with it realistic.
     

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