Word of the Day. Post it Here

Discussion in 'Linguistics' started by Captain Kremmen, Aug 16, 2007.

  1. geordief Valued Senior Member

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    Interesting programme on BBC4 last night:

    "Professor Jim Al-Khalili takes a look at how machines have been created that can simulate, augment, and even outperform the human mind - and why this is not necessarily a bad thing"

    It was called "The Joy of AI" and showed how AI could come up with "ideas" that would not even occur to humans .It also said it was ,at this stage unable to grasp "concepts" .

    It was funny when they tried to engage in real time conversations with a chat bot (misunderstandings aplenty)
     
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  3. geordief Valued Senior Member

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  5. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Imagination inflation refers to the finding that imagining an event which never happened can increase confidence that it actually occurred.
    This effect is relevant to the study of memory and cognition, particularly false memory. Imagination inflation is one way that techniques intended to retrieve repressed memories (i.e. via recovered memory therapy) may lead to the development of false or distorted memories.
    Imagination inflation may occur via increased familiarity: imagining a false event makes it feel more familiar, and people mistake this feeling of familiarity for evidence that they have experienced the event. Alternatively, imagination inflation could be the result of source confusion. When imagining a false past event, people generate information about it, and some is stored in their memory. Later they might remember the content but not its source, mistakenly attributing the information they can recall to a real experience instead of to their imagination.
    Research on imagination inflation can be applied to other fields, such as criminal justice. The police interrogation practices of asking suspects to repeatedly imagine committing a crime, or explaining how they could have done it, are claimed to be causes of false confessions.

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  7. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Egocentrism is the inability to differentiate between self and other. More specifically, it is the inability to untangle subjective schemas from objective reality and an inability to understand or assume any perspective other than one's own.
    Although egocentrism and narcissism appear similar, they are not the same. A person who is egocentric believes they are the center of attention, like a narcissist, but does not receive gratification by one's own admiration. Both egotists and narcissists are people whose egos are greatly influenced by the approval of others, while for egocentrists this may or may not be true.

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  8. Write4U Valued Senior Member

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    Raindance Saturday night, weather permitting.
     
  9. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    A defence mechanism is an unconscious psychological mechanism that reduces anxiety arising from unacceptable or potentially harmful stimuli.
    Defence mechanisms may result in healthy or unhealthy consequences depending on the circumstances and frequency with which the mechanism is used. In psychoanalytic theory, defence mechanisms are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny, or distort reality in order to defend against feelings of anxiety and unacceptable impulses and to maintain one's self-schema or other schemas. These processes that manipulate, deny, or distort reality may include the following: repression, or the burying of a painful feeling or thought from one's awareness even though it may resurface in a symbolic form; identification, incorporating an object or thought into oneself; and rationalization, the justification of one's behaviour and motivations by substituting "good" acceptable reasons for the actual motivations. In psychoanalytic theory, repression is considered as the basis for other defence mechanisms.
    Healthy persons normally use different defences throughout life. An ego defence mechanism becomes pathological when its persistent use leads to maladaptive behaviour such that the physical or mental health of the individual is adversely affected. Among the purposes of ego defence mechanisms is to protect the mind/self/ego from anxiety or social sanctions or to provide a refuge from a situation with which one cannot currently cope.

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  10. geordief Valued Senior Member

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    +joking ?
     
  11. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Falsifiability - A statement, hypothesis, or theory has falsifiability (or is falsifiable) if it is contradicted by a basic statement, which, in an eventual successful or failed falsification must respectively correspond to a true or hypothetical observation. For example, the claim "all swans are white" is falsifiable since it is contradicted by this basic statement: "In 1697, during the Dutch explorer Willem de Vlamingh expedition, there were black swans on the shore of the Swan River in Australia", which in this case is a true observation. The concept is also known by the terms refutable and refutability.
    The concept was introduced by the philosopher of science Karl Popper. He saw falsifiability as the logical part and the cornerstone of his scientific epistemology, which sets the limits of scientific inquiry. He proposed that statements and theories that are not falsifiable are unscientific.

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  12. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    A monothematic delusion is a delusional state that concerns only one particular topic. This is contrasted by what is sometimes called multi-thematic or polythematic delusions where the person has a range of delusions (typically the case of schizophrenia). These disorders can occur within the context of schizophrenia or dementia or they can occur without any other signs of mental illness. When these disorders are found outside the context of mental illness, they are often caused by organic dysfunction as a result of traumatic brain injury, stroke, or neurological illness.
    People who experience these delusions as a result of organic dysfunction often do not have any obvious intellectual deficiency nor do they have any other symptoms. Additionally, a few of these people even have some awareness that their beliefs are bizarre, yet they cannot be persuaded that their beliefs are false.

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  13. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Procrustean -
    In Greek mythology, Procrustes or "the stretcher [who hammers out the metal]", also known as Prokoptas or Damastes ("subduer"), was a rogue smith and bandit from Attica who attacked people by stretching them or cutting off their legs, so as to force them to fit the size of an iron bed.
    The word "Procrustean" is thus used to describe situations where different lengths or sizes or properties are fitted to an arbitrary standard.

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  14. geordief Valued Senior Member

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    A dupe.
     
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  15. geordief Valued Senior Member

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    Keep them coming SiASL

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  16. Write4U Valued Senior Member

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    subterfuge ; underground centrifuge......

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  17. geordief Valued Senior Member

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    syllabub

    "Syllabub is an English sweet frothy drink which was popular from the 16th to 19th centuries,[1] and a dessert based on it, which is still eaten. The drink was made of milk or cream, curdled by the addition of wine, cider, or other acid, and often sweetened and flavoured. The dessert is typically made of whipped cream, wine or sherry, sugar and lemon juice."

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllabub https://goo.gl/images/iw6nRd
     
  18. billvon Valued Senior Member

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    And of course we have the supterfuge which can leap tall buildings in a single spin.
     
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  19. Write4U Valued Senior Member

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    Spotted Dick; ...."spotted what"!.......

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    https://www.daringgourmet.com/tradi...steamed-currant-pudding-with-vanilla-custard/

    I bet a housewife gave chef Soyer the recipe and "local" name of Spotted Dick from her own Menagere.....

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    Last edited: Sep 19, 2018
  20. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Windbag - a person who talks a lot without saying anything

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  21. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Shifting - Answering without answering: Shifting as an evasive rhetorical strategy - In the context of political press conferences, the authors explore a particular category of subtle evasions they term shifting. When shifting, the interviewee seemingly accepts to answer the journalist’s question. However, in providing the answer, the interviewee refocuses the question replacing its critical aspect with a more favorable one. Guided by classical rhetoric, the authors unfold the underlying logic of a shift. Analyzing 14 press conferences held by the Danish Prime Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, they identify three subcategories of shifting: shift in time, shift of agent, and shift of level. Ideally, knowledge of the different shifting strategies can enable journalists to detect a shift and promptly react when interviewees shift the focus of a question.

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  22. Write4U Valued Senior Member

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    Shifting is not all that unusual. Sophia one of the world's most intelligent AIs, does it often.
    She will pick on a word or phrase and shift the question to a positive statement on the values of the word that drew her attention. It's really uncanny , because it is spontaneous and erie....

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    Here is something I just ran across.
     
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  23. StrangerInAStrangeLand SubQuantum Mechanic Valued Senior Member

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    Delusion - an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being contradicted by what is generally accepted as reality or rational argument, typically a symptom of mental disorder.

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