S.A.M.
02-03-07, 06:56 PM
http://observer.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,605798,00.html
A keynote research paper showing that Middle Eastern Jews and Palestinians are genetically almost identical has been pulled from a leading journal.
Academics who have already received copies of Human Immunology have been urged to rip out the offending pages and throw them away.
Such a drastic act of self-censorship is unprecedented in research publishing and has created widespread disquiet, generating fears that it may involve the suppression of scientific work that questions Biblical dogma.
'I have authored several hundred scientific papers, some for Nature and Science, and this has never happened to me before,' said the article's lead author, Spanish geneticist Professor Antonio Arnaiz-Villena, of Complutense University in Madrid. 'I am stunned.'
British geneticist Sir Walter Bodmer added: 'If the journal didn't like the paper, they shouldn't have published it in the first place. Why wait until it has appeared before acting like this?'
The journal's editor, Nicole Sucio-Foca, of Columbia University, New York, claims the article provoked such a welter of complaints over its extreme political writing that she was forced to repudiate it. The article has been removed from Human Immunology's website, while letters have been written to libraries and universities throughout the world asking them to ignore or 'preferably to physically remove the relevant pages'. Arnaiz-Villena has been sacked from the journal's editorial board.
Dolly Tyan, president of the American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, which runs the journal, told subscribers that the society is 'offended and embarrassed'.
The paper, 'The Origin of Palestinians and their Genetic Relatedness with other Mediterranean Populations', involved studying genetic variations in immune system genes among people in the Middle East.
In common with earlier studies, the team found no data to support the idea that Jewish people were genetically distinct from other people in the region. In doing so, the team's research challenges claims that Jews are a special, chosen people and that Judaism can only be inherited.
Jews and Palestinians in the Middle East share a very similar gene pool and must be considered closely related and not genetically separate, the authors state. Rivalry between the two races is therefore based 'in cultural and religious, but not in genetic differences', they conclude.
http://www.danielpipes.org/comments/10949
Who are the Palestinians? Tradition and history demonstrate (to educated historians) that the Palestinians are descendants of the first century Christian sect of Judaism. Modern genetic archeology proves unquestionably that this historical impression is correct. The majority of Palestinians are not ethnic "Arabs" but are in fact descendants of the ancient Israelites making them ethnic Hebrews. (A fact which most Palestinians are perfectly aware.)
See references pasted below for an extensive investigation of the Palestinian genome by Hebrew University. The crux of which, is the fact that many Jewish groups are more closely related to Palestinians then are other Jewish groups. The Palestinians are more closely related to the Jews then to the Arabs. (The Palestinians are also more closely related to the Kurds, Turks, and Armenians then to most Arabs.)
The ancestors of modern-day Jews of the Diaspora were forced out of the Holy Land 2000 years ago, while their Palestinian brothers were left clinging to the land for 2000 years, and they won't let it go nor should they be expected to do so. These facts also support the return of Jews to Israel but not the exclusion of Palestinians since both have an ancestrial claim, since they have the same ancestors.
References:
Almut Nebel, Dvora Filon, Bernd Brinkmann, Partha P. Majumder, Marina Faerman, and Ariella Oppenheim. "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East." The American Journal of Human Genetics 69:5 (November 2001): 1095-1112. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v69n5/013033/brief/013033.abstract.html
Mark G. Thomas, Michael E. Weale, Abigail L. Jones, Martin Richards, Alice Smith, Nicola Redhead, Antonio Torroni, Rosaria Scozzari, Fiona Gratrix, Ayele Tarekegn, James F. Wilson, Cristian Capelli, Neil Bradman, and David B. Goldstein. "Founding Mothers of Jewish Communities: Geographically Separated Jewish Groups Were Independently Founded by Very Few Female Ancestors." The American Journal of Human Genetics 70:6 (June 2002): 1411-1420. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v70n6/013504/brief/013504.abstract.html
Almut Nebel, Ariella Oppenheim, Dvora Filon, Mark G. Thomas, D. A. Weiss, M. Weale, Marina Faerman. "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews." Human Genetics 107(6) (December 2000): 630-641.
http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=mgat4efuyn1ytwamexej&referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,id:100421,1 (unfortunately this reference which is the most definitive is not available for free)
Michael F. Hammer, Alan J. Redd, Elizabeth T. Wood, M. R. Bonner, Hamdi Jarjanazi, Tanya Karafet, Silvana Santachiara-Benerecetti, Ariella Oppenheim, Mark A. Jobling, Trefor Jenkins, Harry Ostrer, and Batsheva Bonné-Tamir. "Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes.", PNAS 97:12 (June 6, 2000): 6769-6774.
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/12/6769
What do you think are the ethical implications of the journal pulling the article?
A keynote research paper showing that Middle Eastern Jews and Palestinians are genetically almost identical has been pulled from a leading journal.
Academics who have already received copies of Human Immunology have been urged to rip out the offending pages and throw them away.
Such a drastic act of self-censorship is unprecedented in research publishing and has created widespread disquiet, generating fears that it may involve the suppression of scientific work that questions Biblical dogma.
'I have authored several hundred scientific papers, some for Nature and Science, and this has never happened to me before,' said the article's lead author, Spanish geneticist Professor Antonio Arnaiz-Villena, of Complutense University in Madrid. 'I am stunned.'
British geneticist Sir Walter Bodmer added: 'If the journal didn't like the paper, they shouldn't have published it in the first place. Why wait until it has appeared before acting like this?'
The journal's editor, Nicole Sucio-Foca, of Columbia University, New York, claims the article provoked such a welter of complaints over its extreme political writing that she was forced to repudiate it. The article has been removed from Human Immunology's website, while letters have been written to libraries and universities throughout the world asking them to ignore or 'preferably to physically remove the relevant pages'. Arnaiz-Villena has been sacked from the journal's editorial board.
Dolly Tyan, president of the American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, which runs the journal, told subscribers that the society is 'offended and embarrassed'.
The paper, 'The Origin of Palestinians and their Genetic Relatedness with other Mediterranean Populations', involved studying genetic variations in immune system genes among people in the Middle East.
In common with earlier studies, the team found no data to support the idea that Jewish people were genetically distinct from other people in the region. In doing so, the team's research challenges claims that Jews are a special, chosen people and that Judaism can only be inherited.
Jews and Palestinians in the Middle East share a very similar gene pool and must be considered closely related and not genetically separate, the authors state. Rivalry between the two races is therefore based 'in cultural and religious, but not in genetic differences', they conclude.
http://www.danielpipes.org/comments/10949
Who are the Palestinians? Tradition and history demonstrate (to educated historians) that the Palestinians are descendants of the first century Christian sect of Judaism. Modern genetic archeology proves unquestionably that this historical impression is correct. The majority of Palestinians are not ethnic "Arabs" but are in fact descendants of the ancient Israelites making them ethnic Hebrews. (A fact which most Palestinians are perfectly aware.)
See references pasted below for an extensive investigation of the Palestinian genome by Hebrew University. The crux of which, is the fact that many Jewish groups are more closely related to Palestinians then are other Jewish groups. The Palestinians are more closely related to the Jews then to the Arabs. (The Palestinians are also more closely related to the Kurds, Turks, and Armenians then to most Arabs.)
The ancestors of modern-day Jews of the Diaspora were forced out of the Holy Land 2000 years ago, while their Palestinian brothers were left clinging to the land for 2000 years, and they won't let it go nor should they be expected to do so. These facts also support the return of Jews to Israel but not the exclusion of Palestinians since both have an ancestrial claim, since they have the same ancestors.
References:
Almut Nebel, Dvora Filon, Bernd Brinkmann, Partha P. Majumder, Marina Faerman, and Ariella Oppenheim. "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East." The American Journal of Human Genetics 69:5 (November 2001): 1095-1112. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v69n5/013033/brief/013033.abstract.html
Mark G. Thomas, Michael E. Weale, Abigail L. Jones, Martin Richards, Alice Smith, Nicola Redhead, Antonio Torroni, Rosaria Scozzari, Fiona Gratrix, Ayele Tarekegn, James F. Wilson, Cristian Capelli, Neil Bradman, and David B. Goldstein. "Founding Mothers of Jewish Communities: Geographically Separated Jewish Groups Were Independently Founded by Very Few Female Ancestors." The American Journal of Human Genetics 70:6 (June 2002): 1411-1420. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v70n6/013504/brief/013504.abstract.html
Almut Nebel, Ariella Oppenheim, Dvora Filon, Mark G. Thomas, D. A. Weiss, M. Weale, Marina Faerman. "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews." Human Genetics 107(6) (December 2000): 630-641.
http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=mgat4efuyn1ytwamexej&referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,id:100421,1 (unfortunately this reference which is the most definitive is not available for free)
Michael F. Hammer, Alan J. Redd, Elizabeth T. Wood, M. R. Bonner, Hamdi Jarjanazi, Tanya Karafet, Silvana Santachiara-Benerecetti, Ariella Oppenheim, Mark A. Jobling, Trefor Jenkins, Harry Ostrer, and Batsheva Bonné-Tamir. "Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes.", PNAS 97:12 (June 6, 2000): 6769-6774.
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/12/6769
What do you think are the ethical implications of the journal pulling the article?