Question 1- The ingredients of the air—oxygen, nitrogen, argon and other gases—though not in a compound but in a mixture, are found in equal proportions at various levels of the atmosphere despite great differences in specific weights. The explanation accepted in science is this: “Swift winds keep the gases thoroughly mixed, so that except for water-vapor the composition of the atmosphere is the same throughout the troposphere to a high degree of approximation.” (2) This explanation cannot be true. If it were true, then the moment the wind subsides, the nitrogen should stream upward, and the oxygen should drop, preceded by the argon. If winds are caused by a difference in weight between warm and cold air, the difference in weight between heavy gases high in the atmosphere and light gases at the lower levels should create storms, which would subside only after they had carried each gas to its natural place in accordance with its gravity or specific weight. But nothing of the kind happens.
Why, then, do not the atmospheric gases separate and stay apart in accordance with the specific gravities?


Question 2- Ozone, though heavier than oxygen, is absent in the lower layers of the atmosphere, is present in the upper layers, and is not subject to the “mixing effect of the wind.” The presence of ozone high in the atmosphere suggests that oxygen must be still higher: “As oxygen is less dense than ozone, it will tend to rise to even greater heights.” (4) Nowhere is it asked why ozone does not descend of its own weight or at least why it is not mixed by the wind with other gases?

ozone does, in fact, exist at lower levels. its quite common really. also, the differences in the weights of the gases is small, and there is almost never a total absence of wind (especially above the tree line), so it seems quite plausible to me that the gases would be mixed enough by air currents that the minor differences in their weights is insignificant.

(2) This explanation cannot be true. If it were true, then the moment the wind subsides, When is that?

2) This explanation cannot be true. If it were true, then the moment the wind subsides, the nitrogen should stream upward, and the oxygen should drop, preceded by the argon. Not only the wind,but thermal convection etc. keep things mixed.

But if all such mixing were somehow prevented - a very well insulated tube of air left to sit in a vibrationless vault for many years, say - then the gasses would indeed separate by gravity. But look at how long it takes fine silt to settle out of even very still water - and that's rock, something that sinks in water quite rapidly.

Very light gasses such as helium and hydrogen do float up in the atmosphere, very very slowly over a long time, and are blown into space by the solar wind - so we have almost no helium in the air.